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Background
The purpose of this retrospective biomarker study of the Canadian Cancer Trials Group (CCTG) MA.31 randomized phase 3 trial (lapatinib vs trastuzumab) of HER2‐positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) was to evaluate the prognostic and predictive biomarker utility of pretreatment serum programmed death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) levels.
Methods
CCTG MA.31 accrued 652 HER2‐positive patients; 387...
Background
The phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K) pathway is frequently altered in cancer. This report describes the landscape of PI3K alterations in solid tumors as well as co‐alterations serving as potential resistance/attenuation mechanisms.
Methods
Consecutive samples were analyzed in a commercial Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendment‐certified laboratory using comprehensive genomic profiling...
BACKGROUND
In contrast to lung cancer, few precision treatments are available for colorectal cancer (CRC). One rapidly emerging treatment target in CRC is ERBB2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 [HER2]). Oncogenic alterations in HER2, or its dimerization partner HER3, can underlie sensitivity to HER2‐targeted therapies.
METHODS
In this study, 8887 CRC cases were evaluated by comprehensive...
BACKGROUND
To date, no targeted therapy has been approved for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and this underscores the need for an in‐depth understanding of clinically relevant genomic alterations (CRGAs).
METHODS
Comprehensive genomic profiling was performed for 190 NPC patients, including 20 patients with nasopharyngeal adenocarcinoma (NPAC), 62 patients with nasopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma...
BACKGROUND
Breast cancer patients in the MA.27 trial had similar outcomes with steroidal aromatase inhibitor (AI) exemestane and nonsteroidal anastrozole. AIs increase the risk of osteoporosis. This study examined the effects of self‐reported osteoporosis and osteoporosis therapy (OPT) on outcomes.
METHODS
The MA.27 phase 3 adjuvant trial enrolled 7576 postmenopausal women. The primary outcome...
BACKGROUNDIn the current study, the authors present a comprehensive genomic profile (CGP)‐based study of advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC) designed to detect clinically relevant genomic alterations (CRGAs).
METHODSDNA was extracted from 40 µm of formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded sections from 295 consecutive cases of recurrent/metastatic UC. CGP was performed on hybridization‐captured, adaptor ligation‐based...
BACKGROUNDThe authors hypothesized that comprehensive genomic profiling of advanced‐stage cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) could identify genomic‐derived drug targets of therapy for patients with conventional therapy‐resistant disease.
METHODSComprehensive genomic profiling of 315 cancer genes was applied to 50 ng of DNA from 122 cSCC cases for the evaluation of all classes of genomic alterations...
BACKGROUND:Changes in serum human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) levels associated with clinical outcomes, including objective response rate, progression‐free survival (PFS), and overall survival have been reported in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) receiving trastuzumab and chemotherapy. This study investigated whether baseline or changes in serum HER2 correlated with overall...
BACKGROUND.Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐1 (TIMP‐1) has paradoxical multifunctional roles in tumorigenesis: inhibition of the catalytic activity of matrix metalloproteinases and apoptosis as well as promotion of angiogenesis and tumor growth. Elevated TIMP‐1 levels have been associated with a poorer prognosis in multiple cancers.
METHODS.Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid plasma TIMP‐1 was determined...
BACKGROUND:Only a portion of breast cancer patients currently selected for trastuzumab therapy respond.
METHODS:Using a novel assay (HERmark) to quantify total human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression, the authors examined outcomes in 102 trastuzumab‐treated metastatic breast cancer patients previously assessed as immunohistochemistry (IHC) 3+ by local but not central IHC, or fluorescence...
BACKGROUND:The prognosis for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) depends mainly on standard clinicopathologic factors. However, patients with similar disease characteristics exhibit various outcomes, especially in stage II. Therefore, the identification of molecular prognostic markers is needed to predict patient outcomes.
METHODS:The authors assessed the prognostic value of c‐Kit (also called...
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