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This work demonstrates error in the definition of voltage given in International Standards. This definition does not coincide with the quantity "practical voltage" measured by national standards laboratories. The physical arguments that show this also have implications for the theoretical understanding of patch fields and of electron emission from semiconductors.
This conference talk serves two purposes. By considering a thought experiment involving two connected wires with different work functions, it shows that the “practical voltage” measured by a galvanometer-type voltmeter (or modern equivalents) does NOT coincide with the quantity “IEC voltage” defined in the International Standard for Electromagnetism and related documents. The probable cause of this...
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