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We consider the possibility to replace an electron beam (EB) by a "hot" equivalent capacitance that will make it possible to use "hot" equivalent circuits and long lines for analysis the EB interaction in TWTs. A sheet EB in the field of the in-phase mode of the slow wave excited by coupled impedance electrodes is considered in this paper.
We offer to use slow-wave structures (SWSs) for monitoring parameters of absorbing coatings, which are widely used for stealth technology. It is shown that resonant frequencies and Q-factor of a SWS section placed in parallel to a monitored coating strongly depend on the electric and magnetic properties of the coating, that dependence can be converted in the coating's parameters reading.
Novel wide-band slow-wave structures (SWSs) with decreased periodicity are proposed for application in high frequency, high power TWTs. Prototypes of helix circuits with turns connected by ‘zigzag’ lines or by a periodic row of rings connected in the longitudinal direction were fabricated and their dispersion characteristics were measured and compared. Advantages of these circuits over conventional...
This paper presents analysis of the electron beam propagation in transverse radial electrostatic field. It is shown that combination of the inward and outward forces acting on the beam electrons can create favorable conditions for stable transport of equilibrium high current electron beam without need for the confining magnetic field. Physical mechanisms of the beam formation, transport, and stability...
A broadband slow-wave structure (SWS) formed by a periodic row of rings connected by helices is considered below. The approximate analysis and measurements confirmed that the offered SWS has at least twice less "periodicity" in comparison to the helix and can operate without the backward wave oscillation at voltages exceeding 20 kV.
Physics of the transverse modulation of the sheet electron beam and slow-wave structures for the transverse modulation and axial interaction with the sheet electron beam are considered in this work. "Asymmetric" structures providing simultaneously combined, transverse and axial interactions are offered and described.
Conventional round electron beams have a practical current limit beyond which space-charge forces will de-bunch the beam and prevent further rf power amplification. Alternatively, rectangular cross-section sheet electron beams can circumvent this limitation by distributing the current over a larger area by stretching the width of the beam. This topology can enable a >5× increase in current over...
An approximate solution for the TWT determinantal (characteristic) equation presented in this paper made it possible to find relatively simple relations between the space charge and velocity parameters at optimum interaction as well as at boundaries of the interaction area. Approximate expressions for the maximum incremental rate and the optimum velocity parameter was also derived.
The “hot” dispersion equation for the sheet electron beam (EB) in the coupled combs with symmetric (in-phase) wave had been derived and analyzed. For the first time, had been obtained expressions for the coupling and depression coefficients of the sheet EB in a planar TWT. The obtained results demonstrate the increase in the interaction effectiveness confirming the advantage of the sheet EB application.
A slow-wave structure (SWS) formed by a periodic row of rectangular rings connected by longitudinal metal strips is offered for application in the high power TWTs with a sheet electron beam. The improved multi-wire method is used for deriving the approximate dispersion equation and expressions for equivalent parameters of the offered SWS. Dispersion characteristics for typical dimensions of the offered...
We describe a novel slow-wave structure formed by a periodic array of rectangular rings interconnected by diagonal conductors. The sheet beam topology has the potential to significantly increase the output power of traveling-wave amplifiers at millimeter-wave frequencies and the small circuit period enables operation at relatively low voltages, far from the conditions for backward-wave oscillation...
A novel method to obtain an electromagnetic signal delay is described. It is shown that the positive magnetic and electric coupling between impedance conductors produces an increase in the time delay. It is also shown that the increase in delay time is obtained without additional attenuation. This allows a reduction in electromagnetic losses, by a factor of several times, for a delay time. An approximate...
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