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Pulse oximeters use photoplethysmographic (PPG) signals for measurement of oxygen saturation in arterial blood. They measure volumetric changes in the blood flowing through the body, usually extremities such as a finger or an ear lobe. The peripheral pulse signal obtained by transmitted light through the illuminated body extremity, gets modulated by heart synchronous pulse, respiratory activity and...
Patient's condition in operation theaters (OTs), postoperative ICUs and critical care units (CCUs) is continuously monitored for the vital parameters such as pulse rate, oxygen saturation, breathing rate, blood pressure and others. For monitoring patients, not only in these units as well as in special situations such as cardiopulmonary and sleep disorder investigations, the breath related activity...
Respiratory signal is usually recorded with techniques like spirometry, pneumography or whole body plethysmography. These techniques require the use of cumbersome devices that may interfere with natural breathing, unmanageable in certain applications such as ambulatory monitoring, stress testing, and sleep studies. Infact, the joint study of cardiac and pulmonary systems is of great interest in most...
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a major health concern. In time domain, detection of such condition involving monitoring the 24-h ambulatory ECG is a big issue. Here, the presented work describes higher order spectral analysis carried out on the normal portion of SCD-ECG and the analyzed parameters are compared with that of healthy person ECG. The developed algorithm detects the chances of myocardial...
In high risk situations such as cardiac arrhythmias, ambulatory monitoring, stress tests, sleep disorder investigations and post-operative hypoxemia situations, monitoring of respiratory activity would be mandatory. Electrocardiogram (ECG), blood pressure (BP) and photoplethysmographic (PPG) signals can be used for extraction of respiratory activity, and will eventually eliminate the use of additional...
The clinical significance of certain cardiac arrhythmias can be understood only with reference to respiration. In normal healthy conditions, the respiratory rate is 10-20 breaths/minute. But, certain problems of illness, accidents or some other causes affect the regular sinus rhythm. A non-invasive, non-occlusive and non-intrusive respiration monitoring is desirable in a number of situations such...
Clinical investigation of some sleep disorders requires simultaneous monitoring of heart and respiratory rates. There have been several efforts on ECG-Derived Respiration (EDR). The photoplethysmographic (PPG) signal includes both heart and respiratory components. In situations such as ambulatory monitoring, stress tests and sleep disorder investigations, where the respiration is not monitored by...
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