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HIV-1 CRF07_BC and CRF08_BC are closely related circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) with serious public health consequences in China. The temporal and spatial dynamics of these CRFs were determined by estimating their times of divergence, using phylogenetic and Bayesian coalescent methods. Studies of the timelines of CRF07_BC and CRF08_BC trace the expansion of these strains back their origins to...
We developed the method to efficiently construct recombinant vaccinia viruses based on LC16m8Δ strain that can replicate in mammalian cells but is still safe in human. Immunization in a prime-boost strategy using DNA and LC16m8Δ expressing SIV Gag elicited 7–30-fold more IFN-γ-producing T cells in mice than that using DNA and non-replicating vaccinia DIs recombinant strain. As the previous study on...
Many influenza vaccines targeted to hemagglutinin (HA) show efficient immunogenicity for protecting subjects against influenza virus infection. Major antigenic changes to HA molecules can help influenza virus to develop resistance against HA-targeted vaccines. DNA vaccines encoding conserved antigens protect animals against diverse subtypes, but their potency requires further improvement. We generated...
We have investigated novel vaccine strategies against severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) CoV using cDNA constructs encoding the structural antigens: (S), (M), (E), or (N) protein, derived from SARS CoV. PBL from healthy human volunteers were administered i.p. into IL-2 receptor γ-chain disrupted SCID mice, and SCID-PBL/hu mice were constructed. These mice can be used to analyze the human immune...
We have investigated to develop novel vaccines against SARS CoV using cDNA constructs encoding the structural antigen; spike protein (S), membrane protein (M), envelope protein (E), or nucleocapsid (N) protein, derived from SARS CoV. Mice vaccinated with SARS-N or -M DNA using pcDNA 3.1(+) plasmid vector showed T cell immune responses (CTL induction and proliferation) against N or M protein, respectively...
The development of a successful recombinant Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin (rBCG) vector-based vaccine for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) requires the induction of high levels of HIV-1-specific immunity while at the same time maintaining immunity to tuberculosis. To examine a combined vaccination strategy for enhancement of immune responses specific for HIV-1, guinea pigs...
We have screened a phage peptide library to address whether clones binding to a monoclonal antibody (mAb) could be isolated and if the selected phage particles would be able to elicit an in vivo immune response against the original antigen. A phage peptide library, consisting of seven random amino acids inserted in the minor coat protein (pIII), was screened for specific binding to a rat mAb LAT-27,...
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