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Shape formation for a group of agents is crucial in many strategy games as it brings collective payoff through cooperations. Finding a good formation for a group of agents in games is considered as a combinatorial optimization problem in this paper. To address this issue, this paper proposes a novel and simple evolutionary algorithm based on a probability learning matrix, which is the foundation of...
Particle swarm optimization (PSO) has been shown as an effective tool for solving global optimization problems. So far, most PSO algorithms use a single learning pattern for all particles, which means that all particles in a swarm use the same strategy. This monotonic learning pattern may cause the lack of intelligence for a particular particle, which makes it unable to deal with different complex...
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