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This paper discusses the distance relay ideal tripping characteristic in the presence of static synchronous series compensator (SSSC), one of the series connected flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) devices, on the next line, in the case of inter phase, phase to phase and three phase, faults. Especial attention is paid to the over-reaching problem. This is done by presenting the...
This paper presents the measured impedance by a distance relay in the presence of thyristor controlled series compensator (TCSC), one of the series connected FACTS devices, on a transmission line, considering its metal oxide varistor (MOV) operation, in the case of inter, phase to phase and three phase, faults. The measured impedance at the relaying point is affected by the power system structural...
This paper presents the effects of unified power flow controller (UPFC), one of flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) devices, on the measured impedance at the relaying point in the case of inter phase, phase to phase and three phase, faults. The measured impedance at the relaying point is affected by several factors, including the line pre-fault loading, the line structural conditions,...
This paper discusses the distance relay mal-operation in the case of installation of thyristor controlled series compensator (TCSC), one of the series connected flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) device, on the second circuit of a double circuit transmission line, considering its metal oxide varistor (MOV) operation. This is done by means of presenting the measured impedance...
Thh paper discusses a distance relay mal-operation in the presence of Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC), one of the series connected Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) devices, in the case of inter phase, phase to phase and three phase, faults. This is done by presenting the measured impedance at the relaying point in the presence of SSSC at the near end of the line...
This paper presents the measured impedance at the relaying point in the presence of static synchronous compensator (STATCOM), a shunt connected flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) device, on a double circuit transmission line. The presence of STATCOM on a line has a great influence on the measured impedance by distance relays. The measured impedance by a distance relay itself...
This paper presents the effects of thyristor controlled series compensator (TCSC), one of the series connected flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) devices, on the measured impedance at the relaying point for faults on a double circuit transmission line in the case of inter phase, phase to phase and three phase, faults. The measured impedance at the relaying point is affected by...
This paper presents the measured impedance at the relaying point in the presence of static synchronous series compensator (SSSC), one of the series connected flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) devices, in the case of inter phase, phase to phase and three phase, faults. The presence of SSSC on a transmission line has a great influence on the measured impedance at the relaying...
This paper discusses the maximum fault resistance, which can be tolerated by a distance relay with Mho characteristic applied at the source node of a distribution feeder, in the case of inter phase, phase to phase and three phase, faults. This resistance is defined as the boundary fault resistance which is the boundary of the distance relay correct discrimination between in-zone and out-of-zone faults...
This paper discusses the variation of distance relay robustness criterion as a function of Mho characteristic shifting angle as well as power system conditions. Boundary fault resistance is the maximum tolerable fault resistance which distance relay can discriminate between in-zone and out-of-zone faults. The robustness criterion is defined on the basis of the boundary fault resistance. In order to...
Fault resistance is a source of error for distance relays by the means of deviating the measured impedance from its actual value. The presence of the fault resistance not only leads to measured resistance deviation, but also the measured reactance deviates from its actual value. This would lead to both under-reaching and over-reaching. This paper investigates the over-reaching aspect by defining an...
Distance relays are widely used as main and back-up protection for transmission lines. Their operation is based on impedance measurement at the relaying point, which can be affected by several factors, including pre-fault line loading and short circuit levels at the line ends. The problem of growing loads and limited paths for new transmission lines, has been somehow overcome by introduction of flexible...
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