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The enhanced intensity and lengthened lifetime of 1.54 μm emission were observed for Er:LiNbO 3 crystal codoped with Zn 2+ ions. The ZnO codoping led to the reduction of the green upconversion emission in Er:LiNbO 3 crystals. The decay trace of the 4 S 3/2 → 4 I 15/2 was obviously nonexponential for Er:LiNbO 3 codoped with 0 and 3 mol...
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