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When an ultrashort laser pulse is focused inside the bulk of a transparent material, filamentation occurs as a result of the dynamic balance between the Kerr self-focusing and defocusing effects in the electron plasma, which is generated through the ionization process. The optical intensity in the filamentary volume can become high enough to induce permanent structural modifications. In this chapter,...
Noninvasive manipulation and processing of cells and tissues is important for biological and medical applications. Lasers can be used to noninvasively image, manipulate, and process intracellular objects, cells, and tissues. In this chapter, laser nanosurgery including dissection, removal, disruption, and transfection are reviewed. The manipulation and transportation of cells and tissues using lasers...
Ultrashort laser pulses can be used to directly join transparent substrates by localized melting and resolidification without any intermediate layers. I review recent advance of welding and joining of glass substrates with ultrashort laser pulses.
Autonomous decentralized control is a key concept for understanding the mechanism underlying the adaptive and versatile behavior of animals. Although the design methodology of decentralized control based on a dynamical system approach that can impart adaptability by using coupled oscillators has been proposed in previous studies, it cannot reproduce the versatility of animal behaviors comprehensively...
Autonomous decentralized control is a key concept for understanding the mechanism underlying the adaptive and versatile behavior of animals. Although the design methodology of decentralized control based on a dynamical system approach that can impart adaptability by using coupled oscillators has been proposed in previous studies, it cannot reproduce the versatility of animal behaviors comprehensively...
This paper describes the master slave of a robot hand and a controller. Recently, various robot hands have been developed and used instead of humans for various applications such as for assembling cars and electronic components. Robots are also used in outer space. However, it is difficult to operate a robot hand without training, so we employed the strategy of bilateral control, which can match the...
Despite its appealing concept, a systematic way of designing autonomous decentralized control system is still lacking. In order to alleviate this, we have so far proposed a design scheme for local sensory feedback control leading to adaptive behaviors from the entire system, based on a so-called discrepancy function that extracts the discrepancies between body (i.e., mechanical system), brain (i.e...
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