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Catestatin (CST) is a proteolytic fragment of Chromogranin A with a broad spectrum of activities in the cardiovascular system. The level of plasma CST increases in chronic heart failure patients, but its potential relationship to patient prognosis is unknown. In this study, we measured plasma CST levels in 202 chronic heart failure patients and followed them for a median of 52.5 months. The plasma...
Catestatin (CST) is an endogenous neuropeptide with multiple cardiovascular activities. The study is to investigate circulating CST levels in heart failure (HF) patients and to evaluate the role of CST as a biomarker for HF. Plasma CST concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 228 HF patients and 172 controls. Plasma CST gradually increased in patients from NYHA class I...
A novel antimicrobial peptide, with molecular mass of 1602.0469Da, produced by Brevibacillus laterosporus strain A60 was isolated and purified from the soil of mango plants. The purification procedure consisted of ammonium sulfate precipitation, cation exchange chromatography on an HiTrap SP HP column, thin layer chromatography and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) on C18 reversed-phase...
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), an evolutionarily conserved serine–threonine kinase, is an intracellular fuel sensor critical for cellular energy homeostasis. Gastrointestinal endocrine cells play a vital role in the regulation of energy balance by secreting hormones that inform the brain about energy supply. Here we showed the localization of mTOR signaling molecules in more than 90% of...
Apelin was recently found to be an inotropic polypeptide in isolated rat hearts, and intravenous injection of apelin can induce a transient decrease in blood pressure. To illustrate the mechanism of apelin-induced vasodilation, we observed the in vitro effects of apelin on the l-arginine (l-Arg)/nitric oxide (NO) pathway in the incubated, isolated rat aorta. Apelin stimulated vascular NO 2 ...
In this work we aimed to observe (1) the changes in adrenomedullin (AM) and its receptor system – calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CRLR) and receptor activity modifying proteins (RAMPs) – in myocardial ischemic injury and (2) the response of injuried myocardia to AM and the phosphorylation of Akt to illustrate the protective mechanism of AM in ischemic myocardia. Male SD rats were subcutaneously...
Intermedin (IMD) is a novel member of the calcitonin/calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) family identified from human and other vertebrate tissues. Preprointermedin can generate various mature peptides by proteolytic cleavage. Amino acid sequence analysis showed cleavage sites located between two basic amino acids at Arg93–Arg94 resulting in the production of prepro-IMD 95–147 , namely...
The omnipresent 6-kDa polypeptide relaxin (RLX) is emerging as a multifunctional endocrine and paracrine factor in a broad range of target tissues including cardiovascular tissues. To explore the pathophysiological roles of RLX in ischemic cardiovascular diseases, we studied the changes in RLX mRNA level in the myocardium and the effect of RLX supplements in rats with isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial...
Intermedin (IMD) is a novel member of the calcitonin/calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). The present study aimed to investigate the cardiovascular effects of IMDs (IMD 1–47 and IMD 8–47 ) in rats. Intravenous administration of 150nmol IMDs continuously decreased mean arterial pressure and inhibited cardiac function. Administration with IMDs decreased left ventricular end-systolic...
Adrenomedullin (ADM) is a potent vasodilatory peptide. It regulates blood pressure by increasing cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and guanosine-3′,5′-monophosphate (cGMP). We sought to investigate the effect of ADM on heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) gene expression and cGMP formation in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). ADM treatment, 10 −9 and 10 −8 mol/L, increased...
Intermedin (IMD) is a novel member of the calcitonin/calcitonin gene-related peptide (CT/CGRP) family identified from human and other vertebrate tissues. Preprointermedin can generate a 47-amino acid mature peptide (IMD 1–47 ) and a shorter 40-amino acid one (IMD 8–47 ) by proteolytic cleavage. The present study was designed to determine the protective effect of IMD on cardiac ischemia/reperfusion...
Renal NPR-A binding characteristics was examined in SHR. Renal ANP binding sites of NPR-A showed a lower maximal binding capacity and higher affinity in SHR than in WKY at all intrarenal sites. Despite the lower B max in SHR, both ANP 1-28 and ANP 5-25 stimulate similar or greater cGMP production in isolated glomeruli. Studies on guanylate...
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