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Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) and type I diabetes (IDDM) are two autoimmune diseases of unknown aetiology that share some common features: autoantibodies in sera to antigen specific of their respective organs and a predisposition linked to HLA genes. The target cells of affected glands -thyrocytes and β cells- hyperexpress the molecules of the endogenous presentation pathway: HLA class I, HLA...
Islet transplantation is a method to restore insulin secretion in IDDM patients but unfortunately the rate of graft failure is until now unacceptably high. We have recently reported the presence of high endotoxin activity in collagenase P, the enzyme commonly used to isolate islets for transplantation; this, together with the finding of CD14 (endotoxin/LPS receptor) on the islet cell surface led...
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