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Aqueous-phase hydrogenation of levulinic acid (4-oxopentanoic acid) and 2-pentanone was considered to probe the activity and stability of supported Ru catalysts during ketone hydrogenation in water. Selected supports include activated carbon, amorphous SiO2, γ-Al2O3, and TiO2. For both probe molecules, intrinsic hydrogenation activity was independent of support identity and Ru particle size. Moreover,...
We investigate the reaction kinetics of the Meerwein–Ponndorf–Verley (MPV) reduction of methyl levulinate (ML) to 4-hydroxypentanoates and subsequent lactonization to γ-valerolactone (GVL) catalyzed by Lewis acid zeolites. Reaction kinetics studies show a first-order dependence on ML and 2-butanol, confirm that the hydride shift is the rate-limiting step, and support a dual-binding mechanism on a...
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