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Void growth and coalescence usually cause reliability concerns to solder joints in integrated circuits. In this paper, a diffuse interface model is developed to simulate the coalescence of micro-voids under the influence of elastic stresses and electromigration. A variable c stands for the composition of vacancies, with c=1.0 indicating the void phase and c=1.0×104 indicating the bulk phase. A double...
Void growth and coalescence usually cause reliability concerns to solder joints in integrated circuits. In this paper, a diffuse interface model is developed to simulate the coalescence of micro-voids under the influence of elastic stresses and electromigration. A variable c stands for the composition of vacancies, with c=1.0 indicating the void phase and c=1.0×104 indicating the bulk phase. A double...
Intermediate phase growth with electromigration present is important to the performance of solder joints in integrated circuits. Rather than treating the total effective charge number Zt of electromigration as constant, in this paper Zt is treated as a field-dependent function whose contributions arising from both the crystal impurities and imperfections within the bulk and the compositional and phase-field...
For a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) onboard a platform with a rectilinear track, the range history of a point target can be accurately expressed hyperbolically. The track can be curvilinear for a maneuverable SAR platform. The hyperbolic equation becomes inadequate, and an expression with high-order terms is needed. Using the method of series reversion, we derived the 2-D spectrum for the return...
This work studies the electrical and testing reliability issues of CuxO based RRAM (Resistive Random Access Memory). Firstly, we study the most important electrical reliability issue-data retention capability, and propose a filament/charge trap combined model to clarify the retention failure mechanism. Secondly, we respectively study the reliability problems caused by the SET compliance current in...
Object tracking using vision technology is one of the key but complex functions in navigation system of Intelligent Vehicles; it became more difficult in case of there are partial occlusions and significant clutter. A mean shift embedded approach is presents for vehicle tracking under real road scenes. The HSI model and orientation histogram are used to represent the object feature; the mean shift...
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