Search results for: Eduardo Garzanti

Items from 1 to 20 out of 94 results

article

The extraordinary Namche Barwa sediment factory in the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis

Xiaolong Dong, Xiumian Hu, Eduardo Garzanti, Wendong Liang, more

The Namche Barwa Syntaxis (NBS) is one of the most productive detrital factories on Earth. Previous studies have shown that the NBS supplies large amounts of sediment to the Brahmaputra River, although the sources and controlling factors of sediment production have not been ascertained in detail. This study presents petrographic and heavy‐mineral data for 43 sand samples collected in the Yarlung and...

article

Against steady state

Eduardo Garzanti, Pietro Sternai

Geologos > 2022 > Vol. 28, No. 2 > 157--168

Nature is never at a steady state. Natural history is generated by ever-new and ever-interacting forces that produce continuous changes. At virtually all timescales, the geological record shows that these changes do not cancel each other out and, thus, that the steady state is utopic. However, we need a state of equilibrium as a starting point for modelling Nature, and the steady-state condition is...

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Tracing erosion patterns in South Tibet: Balancing sediment supply to the Yarlung Tsangpo from the Himalaya versus Lhasa Block

Wendong Liang, Eduardo Garzanti, Xiumian Hu, Alberto Resentini, more

Basin Research > 34 > 1 > 411 - 439

The Yarlung Tsangpo, draining the Himalayan‐Tibetan orogen along the Indus‐Yarlung suture zone, receives detritus from the deformed remnants of both Indian margin to the south and Asian margin to the north. High resolution petrographic, heavy‐mineral and geochemical datasets, combined with published geochronological data, allow us to monitor compositional changes, estimate erosion rates and investigate...

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Transcontinental retroarc sediment routing controlled by subduction geometry and climate change (Central and Southern Andes, Argentina)

Eduardo Garzanti, Tomas Capaldi, Giovanni Vezzoli, Mara Limonta, more

Basin Research > 33 > 6 > 3406 - 3437

Central Argentina from the Pampean flat‐slab segment to northern Patagonia (27°–41°S) represents a classic example of a broken retroarc basin with strong tectonic and climatic control on fluvial sediment transport. Combined with previous research focused on coastal sediments, this actualistic provenance study uses framework petrography and heavy‐mineral data to trace multistep dispersal of volcaniclastic...

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From Patagonia to Río de la Plata: Multistep long‐distance littoral transport of Andean volcaniclastic sand along the Argentine passive margin

Eduardo Garzanti, Mara Limonta, Giovanni Vezzoli, Numa Sosa, more

Sedimentology > 68 > 7 > 3357 - 3384

Large sediment masses are transferred over many hundreds of kilometres along the coast of passive continental margins worldwide. The relevance of such a phenomenon for source‐to‐sink studies, environmental issues, and coastal management remains largely unperceived. This study traces the paths of volcaniclastic sand along ca 2170 km of the Argentine coast and documents a 760 km long cell of littoral...

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Sand and mud generation from continental flood basalts in contrasting landscapes and climatic conditions (Paraná–Etendeka conjugate igneous provinces, Uruguay and Namibia)

Eduardo Garzanti, Pedro Dinis, Giovanni Vezzoli, Laura Borromeo, more

Sedimentology > 68 > 7 > 3447 - 3475

This article presents a detailed petrographic, mineralogical and geochemical study of clay, silt, sand and fine gravel generated in the Paraná–Etendeka large igneous province, once united and today exposed in contrasting climatic and orographic conditions on conjugate sides of the Atlantic Ocean. The comparison between low‐relief wetter Uruguay and steeper hyper‐dry Namibia allows to investigate the...

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Provenance of Neogene sandstones in western Taiwan traced with garnet geochemistry and zircon geochronology

Eduardo Garzanti, Marta Barbarano, Sergio Andò, Maura Lenzi, more

Basin Research > 33 > 3 > 2069 - 2088

In this study, we use provenance analysis to shed light on the Neogene evolution of river drainage and sediment dispersal in eastern Asia as a consequence of the Himalayan orogeny and topographic rise of the Tibetan Plateau. As an attempt to envisage how sediment‐routing systems operated in the past, and to identify the ultimate source of siliciclastic detritus originally generated in mainland China...

article

Lower Cretaceous clastic dykes in southern Tibet: Characteristics and palaeogeographic significance

Huifang Guo, Xi Chen, Hanwei Yao, Kaibo Han, more

Geological Journal > 56 > 3 > 1726 - 1739

A clastic dyke is a stratigraphically vertical, wall‐like body of clastic material that fills open fissures across strata, and may provide important information on regional depositional processes and tectonic activity. Clastic dyke swarms composed of greyish to brown, fine‐ to medium‐grained lithic‐rich volcaniclastic sandstone are widely exposed in the lower Aptian shales in the Gucuo and Wölong...

article

Palaeodrainage evolution of the large rivers of East Asia, and Himalayan-Tibet tectonics

Peng Zhang, Yani Najman, Lianfu Mei, Ian Millar, more

Earth-Science Reviews > 2019 > 192 > C > 601-630

Understanding the tectonics that gave rise to the formation of Tibet is critical to our understanding of crustal deformation processes. The unusual geomorphology of the drainage basins of East Asia's major rivers has been proposed to be the result of either (1) distortion and attenuation of antecedent drainages as India indents into Asia, which can therefore be used as passive strain markers of horizontal...

article

Petrographic classification of sand and sandstone

Eduardo Garzanti

Earth-Science Reviews > 2019 > 192 > C > 545-563

Petrographic classifications of sand and sandstone proposed more than half a century ago are still in use, although they were formulated at a time when depositional and post-depositional sedimentary processes were poorly understood, and before the relationships between tectonics and sedimentation could be interpreted in modern plate-tectonic terms. As a consequence, too many scientific articles and...

article

The Langjiexue Group is an in situ sedimentary sequence rather than an exotic block: Constraints from coeval Upper Triassic strata of the Tethys Himalaya (Qulonggongba Formation)

Zhongyu Meng, Jiangang Wang, Weiqiang Ji, Hao Zhang, more

Science China Earth Sciences > 2019 > 62 > 5 > 783-797

The Upper Triassic Langjiexue Group in southeastern Tibet has long been an enigmatic geological unit. It belongs tectonically to the northern Tethys Himalayan zone, but provenance signatures of the detritus it contains are significantly different from those of typical Tethys Himalayan sandstones. Because the Langjiexue Group is everywhere in fault contact with Tethys Himalayan strata, its original...

article

The zircon story of the Nile: Time‐structure maps of source rocks and discontinuous propagation of detrital signals

Eduardo Garzanti, Pieter Vermeesch, Martin Rittner, Matthew Simmons

Basin Research > 30 > 6 > 1098 - 1117

A new dimension has recently been added to provenance analysis by the rapid development of detrital‐geochronology techniques. The application of any dating method to sediments allows the definition of a unique age pattern of parent rocks, a “time structure” that represents an essential complement to the information on their lithological structure obtained by traditional petrographic and mineralogical...

article

Upper Cretaceous trench deposits of the Neo-Tethyan subduction zone: Jiachala Formation from Yarlung Zangbo suture zone in Tibet, China

Hanpu Fu, Xiumian Hu, Erica M. Crouch, Wei An, more

Science China Earth Sciences > 2018 > 61 > 9 > 1204-1220

The history of convergence between the India and the Asia plates, and of their subsequent collision which triggered the Himalayan orogeny is recorded in the Yarlung Zangbo suture zone. Exposed along the southern side of the suture, turbidites of the the Jiachala Formation fed largely from the Gangdese arc have long been considered as post-collisional foreland-basin deposits based on the reported occurrence...

article

Slab breakoff: A critical appraisal of a geological theory as applied in space and time

Eduardo Garzanti, Giuditta Radeff, Marco G. Malusà

Earth-Science Reviews > 2018 > 177 > C > 303-319

The idea that prominent geological phenomena observed in the crust and at the surface may be caused by the detachment of subducting dense lithosphere has been anticipated by tectonic models in the Sixties and Seventies, and imaged with improved geophysical techniques in the Eighties. In the mid-Nineties, the model of slab breakoff was defined formally by Davies and von Blanckenburg. Initially proposed...

article

Weathering regime in the Eastern Himalaya since the mid‐Miocene: indications from detrital geochemistry and clay mineralogy of the Kameng River Section, Arunachal Pradesh, India

Natalie Vögeli, Pascale Huyghe, Peter Beek, Yani Najman, more

Basin Research > 30 > 1 > 59 - 74

It is crucial to understand lateral differences in paleoclimate and weathering in order to fully understand the evolution of the Himalayan mountain belt. While many studies have focused on the western and central Himalaya, the eastern Himalaya remains poorly studied with regard to paleoclimate and past weathering history. Here, we present a multi‐proxy study on the Mio‐Pliocene sedimentary foreland‐basin...

article

Controls on sand ramp formation in southern Namibia

Alex Rowell, David Thomas, Richard Bailey, Abi Stone, more

Earth Surface Processes and Landforms > 43 > 1 > 150 - 171

Sand ramps have the potential to provide rich palaeoenvironmental information in dryland regions where proxy records are typically scarce. However, current knowledge of the geomorphic controls and processes of sand ramp formation is limited. This study provides a data‐rich examination of the key factors controlling sand ramp formation. The location and morphology of 75 sand ramps in southern Namibia...

article

Sedimentary processes controlling ultralong cells of littoral transport: Placer formation and termination of the Orange sand highway in southern Angola

Eduardo Garzanti, Pedro Dinis, Pieter Vermeesch, Sergio Andò, more

Sedimentology > 65 > 2 > 431 - 460

This study focuses on the causes, modalities and obstacles of sediment transfer in the longest cell of littoral sand drift documented on Earth so far. Sand derived from the Orange River is dragged by swell waves and persistent southerly winds to accumulate in four successive dunefields in coastal Namibia to Angola. All four dunefields are terminated by river valleys, where aeolian sand is flushed...

article

Trace-element and Nd-isotope systematics in detrital apatite of the Po river catchment: Implications for provenance discrimination and the lag-time approach to detrital thermochronology

Marco G. Malusà, Jiangang Wang, Eduardo Garzanti, Zhi-Chao Liu, more

Lithos > 2017 > 290-291 > C > 48-59

Detrital thermochronology is often employed to assess the evolutionary stage of an entire orogenic belt using the lag-time approach, i.e., the difference between the cooling and depositional ages of detrital mineral grains preserved in a stratigraphic succession. The impact of different eroding sources to the final sediment sink is controlled by several factors, including the short-term erosion rate...

article

Climatic zonation and weathering control on sediment composition (Angola)

Pedro Dinis, Eduardo Garzanti, Pieter Vermeesch, João Huvi

Chemical Geology > 2017 > 467 > C > 110-121

Complementary mineralogical and geochemical datasets on fluvial, beach and dune samples collected along the Atlantic margin of subequatorial southwestern Africa are used to investigate the relationships between provenance and climatic controls on sediment composition and to test the reliability of different geochemical and mineralogical weathering proxies as climatic indicators. The studied N/S-trending...

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Causes of dust size variability in central East Antarctica (Dome B): Atmospheric transport from expanded South American sources during Marine Isotope Stage 2

Barbara Delmonte, Chiara Ileana Paleari, Sergio Andò, Eduardo Garzanti, more

Quaternary Science Reviews > 2017 > 168 > C > 55-68

We here investigate the spatial and temporal variability of eolian dust particle sorting recorded in the Dome B (77° 05′ S, 94° 55’ E) ice core, central East Antarctica, during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 2. We address the question whether such changes reflect variable transport pathways from a unique source area or rather a variable apportionment from diverse Southern Hemisphere sources transported...

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INFONA - science communication portal

Search results for: Eduardo Garzanti

The extraordinary Namche Barwa sediment factory in the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis

Against steady state

Tracing erosion patterns in South Tibet: Balancing sediment supply to the Yarlung Tsangpo from the Himalaya versus Lhasa Block

Transcontinental retroarc sediment routing controlled by subduction geometry and climate change (Central and Southern Andes, Argentina)

From Patagonia to Río de la Plata: Multistep long‐distance littoral transport of Andean volcaniclastic sand along the Argentine passive margin

Sand and mud generation from continental flood basalts in contrasting landscapes and climatic conditions (Paraná–Etendeka conjugate igneous provinces, Uruguay and Namibia)

Provenance of Neogene sandstones in western Taiwan traced with garnet geochemistry and zircon geochronology

Lower Cretaceous clastic dykes in southern Tibet: Characteristics and palaeogeographic significance

Palaeodrainage evolution of the large rivers of East Asia, and Himalayan-Tibet tectonics

Petrographic classification of sand and sandstone

The Langjiexue Group is an in situ sedimentary sequence rather than an exotic block: Constraints from coeval Upper Triassic strata of the Tethys Himalaya (Qulonggongba Formation)

The zircon story of the Nile: Time‐structure maps of source rocks and discontinuous propagation of detrital signals

Upper Cretaceous trench deposits of the Neo-Tethyan subduction zone: Jiachala Formation from Yarlung Zangbo suture zone in Tibet, China

Slab breakoff: A critical appraisal of a geological theory as applied in space and time

Weathering regime in the Eastern Himalaya since the mid‐Miocene: indications from detrital geochemistry and clay mineralogy of the Kameng River Section, Arunachal Pradesh, India

Controls on sand ramp formation in southern Namibia

Sedimentary processes controlling ultralong cells of littoral transport: Placer formation and termination of the Orange sand highway in southern Angola

Trace-element and Nd-isotope systematics in detrital apatite of the Po river catchment: Implications for provenance discrimination and the lag-time approach to detrital thermochronology

Climatic zonation and weathering control on sediment composition (Angola)

Causes of dust size variability in central East Antarctica (Dome B): Atmospheric transport from expanded South American sources during Marine Isotope Stage 2

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