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Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is emerging as an important modulator of the function of the central nervous system (CNS). We have demonstrated that TNF-α or Leu-Ile, a TNF-α inducer, inhibits methamphetamine-induced rewarding effects and sensitization. In this study, we investigated the effects of TNF-α or Leu-Ile on morphine (MOR)-induced rewarding effects and sensitization.Levels of TNF-α messenger...
There are few efficacious medications for drug dependence. We investigated the potential of Leu-Ile, which induces the expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), as a novel therapeutic agent for methamphetamine (METH)-induced dependence.The levels of GDNF and TNF-α messenger RNA (mRNA) were determined by real-time reverse transcription polymerase...
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