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Through the confinement of gas in nanoporous materials it is possible to significantly increase the path length for light-gas interaction. This enables the observation of much stronger absorption features for the confined gas molecules. This approach, also known as gas in scattering media absorption spectroscopy (GASMAS) [1], allows to use the porous material as a miniaturized random-scattering multipass...
The paper presents a case study regarding a real PROFINET IO network for factory automation. The aim of the study is the evaluation of the time related parameter of a real network. A large factory automation plant has been chosen as testbed since PROFINET IO RT Class 1 and 2 (unsynchronized) are mainly used in those applications. The analyzed network has a high number of distributed IO, actuators...
The paper deals with IEEE1588 PTP-based devices which are installed in industrial plants together with PROFINET IO Class C. In fact, devices with PTP for clock synchronization (e.g. LXI instruments, Ethernet/IP nodes etc.) exhibit noticeable time errors if directly connected to the PROFINET infrastructure. In the paper, possible architectures to overcome this limitation are evaluated (i.e boundary...
This paper deals with a simplified method to estimate timing performance of real-time automation systems based on PROFINET IO fieldbus. Simulations can be an affordable solution to evaluate performance of real-time networks before their physical implementation. In this work, two complete models, one for generic PROFINET IO-controllers and one for generic IO-devices, are presented and their configuration,...
This paper deals with real-time Ethernet networks based on PROFINET IO Class 1. Generally, industrial automation has a cyclical behavior; jitter in the application cycle depends on many factors and has direct consequences on production quality. In this work, in order to simplify application jitter estimation of complex systems, measurement techniques are introduced and some initial experiments on...
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