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We identified primary human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) as vulnerable target cells for Zika virus (ZIKV) infection. We demonstrate dramatic effects of hemin, the natural inducer of the heme catabolic enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), in the reduction of ZIKV replication in vitro. Both LLC-MK2 monkey kidney cells and primary MDM exhibited hemin-induced HO-1 expression with major reductions of...
Transfusion of blood and blood products contaminated with the pathogenic form of prion protein Prpsc, thought to be the causative agent of variant a Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (vCJD), may result in serious consequences in recipients with a compromised immune system, for example, as seen in HIV-1 infection. In the present study, we demonstrate that treatment of peripheral blood monocyte-derived macrophages...
Attachment of HIV to macrophages is a critical early event in the establishment of infection. In the present study, we demonstrate the involvement of integrin αvβ3 (vitronectin receptor) in HIV infection of peripheral blood monocyte-derived macrophages. Culturing monocytes in the presence of M-CSF for 3 days upregulated expression of the αv-containing integrins, αvβ3 and αvβ5. The increase in αvβ3...
By a pulse-chase approach combined with immunoprecipitation, we showed that the newly synthesized precursors of glycoprotein B (gB), glycoprotein C (gC), and glycoprotein D (gD) of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) were associated with calnexin, a membrane-bound chaperone in the endoplasmic reticulum. Kinetics of association and dissociation was quite different among the precursors. For the precursors...
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