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This study aims to investigate the importance of aromatic structures in tar to the destruction of tar itself during the volatile–char interactions. The same nascent char was subjected to interactions with two distinctly different volatiles (e.g. coal volatiles and biomass volatiles) at 700–900°C. The results indicate that the aromatic structures in tar are more reactive with char than the non-aromatic...
A template synthesis process has been studied to prepare hierarchically structured NiO/CeO2 nanocatalysts by using eggshell membranes as a template. The templated catalyst is constructed by interwoven ceramic fibres, and the fibres have a nanoporous structure with NiO nanoparticles supported on a CeO2 scaffold. The effects of immersion time and calcination temperature on catalyst microstructure were...
A char-supported iron catalyst was investigated as a catalyst for destructing the NO x precursors (e.g. HCN and NH 3 ) during the catalytic steam reforming of tar derived from the pyrolysis of mallee bark and leaf. It was found that the H-form char as a catalyst exhibited little activity for destructing NO x precursors even at high temperature, while on the contrary NO ...
Our previous parts of this series have shown the char-supported iron catalysts to possess high activity for the reforming of tar during biomass gasification. This study aims to investigate the changes to the structure of char in the char-supported iron catalyst during the reforming of tar derived from the pyrolysis of mallee wood biomass. The char structure was characterised with Raman spectroscopy...
Australia mallee wood, bark and leaf samples (Eucalyptus loxophleba, subspecies lissophloia) were pyrolyzed to produce volatiles for in situ catalytic steam reforming with ilmenite as a catalyst. The results demonstrated that the properties of biomass feedstock (wood, bark and leaves) significantly influenced their product yields and properties. Bark produced the highest amounts of solid products,...
Char, char-supported catalysts and ilmenite were investigated for the steam reforming of biomass tar derived from the pyrolysis of mallee wood in situ. Special attention was given to the reforming of aromatic ring systems in tar. The results indicated that the char-supported iron/nickel catalysts exhibited much higher activity for the reforming of tar than the char itself. Ilmenite and the char-supported...
Ilmenite, a natural iron-containing mineral, has been investigated as an inexpensive catalyst for the steam reforming of volatiles (tar) from the pyrolysis of mallee woody biomass. The results indicate that ilmenite has good activity for the steam reforming of tar into gases due to its highly dispersed iron-containing species. The supply of external steam, in addition to the H 2 O and CO ...
Two pairs of raw and acid-washed coal samples were prepared from Yallourn and Loy Yang brown coals, and subjected to rapid pyrolysis in a drop-tube reactor at 1073-1173K in a stream of N 2 or H 2 O/N 2 mixture. Examinations were made on the roles of the inherent metallic species in the secondary reactions of nascent tar and char that were formed by the intraparticle primary...
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