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How to determine the network structure is an open problem in extreme learning machine (ELM). Error minimized extreme learning machine (EM-ELM) is a simple and efficient approach to determine the number of hidden nodes. However, similar to other constructive ELM, EM-ELM lays much emphasis on the convergence accuracy, which may obtain a single-hidden-layer feedforward neural networks (SLFN) with good...
Recently Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) for single-hidden-layer feedforward neural networks (SLFN) has been attracting attentions for its faster learning speed and better generalization performance than those of traditional gradient-based learning algorithms. However, ELM may need high number of hidden neurons and lead to ill-condition problem due to the random determination of the input weights and...
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