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This paper demonstrates the nonlinear system of the smallest order for direct tripartite entanglement production. An optical parametric oscillator operating above threshold produces an inseparable state of pump, signal and idler modes. Previous attempts had been frustrated by the presence of an extra noise source, which is shown to be generated by photon scattering of light due to thermal phonons...
In the nonlinear interaction of intense beams with a crystal inside an optical cavity, phonon scattering of the central carrier into sidebands acts as a source of extra phase noise for experiments in quantum optics.
An Optical Parametric Oscillator entangles three modes of the field - pump, signal and idler - when operating above threshold. Complete measurement of the covariance matrix enables the test of several inseparability criteria.
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