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For proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), the importance of catalytic (kinetic) effect is widely recognized with less attention being paid to mass transport (diffusion) effect. In this study, the importance of kinetic and diffusion effect on PEMFC performance is investigated experimentally by using different catalysts and catalyst layer (CL) fabrication methods of spraying and brush-painting,...
A negative pressure cavitation–microwave assisted extraction technique (NMAE) was first applied on extraction of seed oil from yellow horn. The operating conditions were optimized by a Box–Behnken design (BBD) test. Under the optimal conditions, the yield of yellow horn oil seed can reach 52±1%. The extraction kinetics of the NMAE method and soxhlet extraction (SE) method were also investigated. The...
Life cycle assessment and life cycle costing were carried out to identify the environmental and economic burdens of six lignite-based electricity generation scenarios. Coal-based electricity generation is used as control. Results showed that diesel consumption for road transport, energy (i.e., electricity and steam) consumption for lignite drying, and the use of coal/lignite had dominant contributions...
This study examined the suitability of Sawtooth Oak (Quercus acutissima) shell waste as feedstock for bioethanol production for the first time. The impacts of varying parameters of dilute alkali pretreatment (temperature, time, and alkalinity) on enzymatic saccharification of oak shell were investigated. Results showed that the combination of 2% NaOH/121°C (15psi)/60min achieved the highest delignification...
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