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Inflammation can occur via different mechanisms, such as via acute and chronic responses, on numerous occasions and function accordingly through various roles. There are more than five subsets of neutrophils; neutrophilic heterogeneity is modulated by the inflammatory condition. To understand the characteristics of inflammation, identification of atypical neutrophils is important. In this study, we...
Interleukin-21 (IL-21) is overproduced in human intestines affected by inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and in the gut of mice with DSS-induced colitis. IL-21-deficient mice are largely protected against DSS-induced colitis, indicating that IL-21 plays a key role in the development of IBD. We previously identified a novel IL-21 isoform named IL-21iso. In this study, we found that in addition to the...
IL-21 is a pleiotropic cytokine that regulates the function of T cells, B cells, natural killer cells, and myeloid cells. We previously identified an IL-21 isoform, IL-21iso, in humans and mice, and found that IL-21iso was secreted in much smaller amounts than conventional IL-21. In this study, we determined that secreted IL-21iso also has less signaling activity than IL-21. However, the amounts of...
Janus kinase 3-severe combined immunodeficiency (JAK3-SCID) is an autosomal recessive immunodeficiency disease caused by various mutations in the JAK3 gene. Typical JAK3-SCID is characterized by a phenotype in which B cells are present but T and NK cells are not, the T − B + NK − phenotype, and by impaired signaling through cytokine receptors that use the common gamma chain...
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