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The increase of the electric power demand is at the level 2–3% per year, and in some regions of the world may become much higher. In the same time the infrastructure of power systems develop much slower. The smart grid technology is to use modern telecommunication and informatics to bridge the gap. The aim is to integrate generation, transmission, distribution and consumption of the electrical energy...
In the paper new algorithm enhancing performance of the current differential protection for tapped transmission lines is presented. In order to find an optimal solution various disturbances that may be the sources of unbalance of differential signals are discussed. The newly developed protection except differential current itself employs also negative-sequence and zero-sequence signals calculated...
In the paper a new method of high resistance fault detection meant for current differential protections of two-terminal transmission lines is presented. The method is based upon calculation of line differential admittance in pre-fault and in faulty conditions. As the ground fault current during high resistance faults is comparable and, sometimes for long transmission lines, even lower than the line...
In this paper enhanced differential current protection scheme dedicated for HV transmission lines is described. The adaptive fuzzy relay scheme is proposed that combines strengths of both current and phase comparison protection criteria. The relay stabilization characteristic is adapted on-line depending on the output of the fuzzy reasoning scheme supplied with information from the phase comparison...
In the paper new sensitive algorithms for detection of internal inter-turn faults in power transformers are described. Such faults are extremely difficult to detect since they induce negligible increase of the currents at the transformer terminals, although the currents flowing at the fault place are very high and dangerous for the transformer. The algorithms developed are based on the differential...
A new method for CT saturation correction is presented that is based on an on-line estimation of the CT magnetizing inductance. The approach adopted is based on numerical solution of the differential equation, which describes the saturated current transformer. The correction procedure proposed has been tested with EMTP-ATP signals proving to be an effective tool for primary current reconstruction.
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