The Infona portal uses cookies, i.e. strings of text saved by a browser on the user's device. The portal can access those files and use them to remember the user's data, such as their chosen settings (screen view, interface language, etc.), or their login data. By using the Infona portal the user accepts automatic saving and using this information for portal operation purposes. More information on the subject can be found in the Privacy Policy and Terms of Service. By closing this window the user confirms that they have read the information on cookie usage, and they accept the privacy policy and the way cookies are used by the portal. You can change the cookie settings in your browser.
This paper presents the methods used to determine the depth of the plastically deformed top layer in the roller burnishing process. An analytical method was developed for determining the depth of the plastically deformed layer on the basis of the Hertz–Bielayev theory. The depth of deformation was obtained as a function of the process parameters: burnishing force, material strength and roller radius...
The article presents a complex planning proposal for the formation of a multi-functional pedestrian space system in the structure of historically formed urban block development in the city center of Lviv. In this proposal, inner-bloc territories are considered as a spatial reserve for the development of the public space in the historic city center. Particular emphasis is given to the need for the...
Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) encompasses a heterogeneous group of lesions with specific clinical features, morphological characteristics, and pathogenesis. The World Health Organization classification of GTD includes complete and partial hydatidiform mole, invasive mole, choriocarcinoma, placental site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT), epithelioid trophoblastic tumor, exaggerated placental site,...
Recognition of the features of gestational endometrium, trophoblast, and villi, as well as the pathologic changes in chorionic tissues, is an important part of endometrial biopsy interpretation. The presence of intrauterine products of conception generally excludes the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy and can help explain other pathologic states such as abnormal bleeding or chronic endometritis.
Endometritis usually is a disorder of the reproductive years, although it may occur in postmenopausal patients. Endometrial inflammation typically accompanies pelvic inflammatory disease of the upper genital tract. It may also be associated with a recent pregnancy, either an abortion or a term pregnancy. Other possible causes include instrumentation, such as a prior biopsy, an intrauterine contraceptive...
Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) includes disorders of placental development (hydatidiform mole) and neoplasms of the trophoblast (choriocarcinoma, placental site trophoblastic tumor [PSTT], and epithelioid trophoblastic tumor).1;2 The recent classification of these lesions by the World Health Organization (WHO) clearly defines the different histologic forms of GTD (Table 4.1).
The histologic features of what constitutes “normal” endometrium change with a woman’s age, through the premenarchal, reproductive, perimenopausal, and postmenopausal years. During the reproductive years, the cyclical hormonal changes of the menstrual cycle provide a continuously changing morphologic phenotype that is “normal.” In biopsy specimens, the combination of these cyclical changes along with...
Endometrial hyperplasia is a noninvasive proliferation of the endometrium that results in a morphologic pattern of glands with irregular shapes and varying size. This disorder results from sustained, unopposed estrogen stimulation and presents clinically as abnormal uterine bleeding. Sometimes hyperplasia is encountered incidentally in a biopsy performed for other reasons, such as infertility workup...
There are several methods of sampling the endometrium. The “gold standard” is dilation and curettage (D&C), which requires dilation of the cervix to allow insertion of a curette into the endometrial cavity. This technique allows for the most thorough sampling of the endometrium but requires anesthesia for cervical dilation. The curette is drawn across the anterior and posterior endometrial surfaces,...
Women receive hormone preparations for a variety of reasons, including birth control and treatment for dysfunctional uterine bleeding, perimenopausal and postmenopausal symptoms, endometriosis, endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma, breast carcinoma, and certain types of infertility. Usually the exogenous hormone is some form of progestin, but estrogenic and even androgenic hormones are used for some...
Uterine tumors other than benign polyps or carcinoma are rarely encountered in endometrial biopsies and curettings. The classification in Table 11.1 lists most of these other neoplasms. Among this group of tumors, malignant= mixed mesodermal tumor (MMMT) is the most common malignancy, yet it accounts for only 1% to 2% of all uterine neoplasms. MMMT typically arises in the endometrium and is often...
Most endometrial polyps appear to originate from localized hyperplasia of the basalis, although their pathogenesis is not well understood. Polyps occur over a wide age range, but are most common in women in the fourth and fifth decades, becoming less frequent after age 60. Usually they present with abnormal uterine bleeding, and have been implicated as a cause of abnormal bleeding in between 2% and...
Endometrial biopsies and curettings are among the most common tissue specimens received in the pathology laboratory. In several respects these specimens present a unique challenge for the surgical pathologist. The normal endometrium undergoes a variety of morphologic changes, especially during the reproductive years, when cyclical hormonal influences and pregnancy affect uterine growth. Biopsyinduced...
This chapter specifically addresses uterine bleeding resulting from alterations in the normal cyclical changes of the endometrium. This type of bleeding is commonly referred to as dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB). Clinically, DUB indicates ovulatory dysfunction. By definition, DUB excludes postmenopausal bleeding or bleeding caused by the presence of specific pathologic processes such as inflammation,...
Endometrial adenocarcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the female genital tract in the United States. This neoplasm represents a biologically and morphologically diverse group of tumors, with differing pathogenesis. These tumors have two basic clinicopathologic forms, type I and type II. These two forms of endometrial carcinoma display different clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and...
Diagnosis of Endometrial Biopsies and Curettings, 2nd edition, revised and now with color illustrations, continues the tradition of its predecessor as being the concise and complete diagnostic guide to the endometrial biopsy. A review from Modern Pathology touts it as being "extremely useful for the practicing pathologist because it outlines criteria for diagnosis, helps in solving diagnostic...
This paper describes the influence of the annual application of natural and mineral fertilizers for a period of many years on organic carbon content and its fractions in the arable layer of soil. In experiment I, cow manure and slurry were applied to lessive soil, while experiment II involved the application of pig manure and slurry to brown soil. The influence of the applied fertilizers on the amount...
The present work discusses the influence of long-term, annually applied fertilization with manure, slurry, and NPK on the accumulation of total and available forms of phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium in soils, as well as total sulfur content. The increase in total phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium content under the influence of fertilization was significant when compared to the control group,...
In a multi-year field fertilisation experiment the effects of organic and mineral fertilisers on the physicochemical properties of lessive soil were compared. Manure, two doses of slurry and mineral fertilisers were applied to soil farmed in an eight-field crop rotation. Dose 1 of slurry, manure and mineral fertiliser were applied in doses balanced with nitrogen. Dose II of slurry was determined so...
Set the date range to filter the displayed results. You can set a starting date, ending date or both. You can enter the dates manually or choose them from the calendar.