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Variability of apple prices on Warsaw market at three levels of the market chain – the producer price of industrial apples and the producer and retail prices of the dessert apples were investigated. In order to assess their mutual connections a comparative vertical and horizontal analysis of changes on the above mentioned markets was performed. The direction and dynamics of price changes were analysed...
W pracy dokonano pionowej i poziomej analizy porównawczej zmian cen jabłek na rynku warszawskim na trzech poziomach łańcucha marketingowego – cen producenta jabłek przemysłowych oraz cen producenta i detalicznych jabłek deserowych. Analizowano kierunek i dynamikę zmian tych trzech rodzajów cen, poziom ich zmienności z roku na rok, wahania sezonowe oraz siłę związku między nimi. Przedstawiono także...
III-V FETs are being developed for potential application in 0.3-3 THz systems and VLSI. To increase bandwidth, we must increase the drive current Id = qnsvinjWg per unit gate width Wg, requiring both high sheet carrier concentrations ns and high injection velocities vinj. Present III-V NFETs restrict control region transport to the single isotropic Γ band minimum. As the gate dielectric is thinned,...
III-V FETs are in development for both THz and VLSI applications. In VLSI, high drive currents are sought at low gate drive voltages, while in THz circuits, high cutoff frequencies are required. In both cases, source and drain access resistivities must be decreased, and transconductance and drain current per unit gate width must be increased by reducing the gate dielectric thickness, reducing the...
As a result of low prices for sour cherries and low profitability of sour cherry production in Poland, the total area occupied by sour cherry orchards had decreased from about 40 thousand ha in 2000 to 32 thousand ha in 2010. The objective of this research was to evaluate the production co sts and profitability of sour cherry production and to identify the factors influencing profitability. The research...
Fretting-corrosion of electrical contacts is one of the main causes of failure of the electrical systems used in the automotive industry. The micro-motion involved in fretting is induced by vibrations of the vehicle as well as by thermal cycling. Tin is mainly used as a low-cost plating for the contact elements which are made of copper alloys. Use of gold coatings is restricted to vital functions...
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