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In this paper we proposed a system for automatic fetal detection and approximation in ultrasound image. We used Adaboost. MH based on Multi Stump Classifier to detect fetal organs in ultrasound. After fetal organ detected, it is approximated using Randomized Hough Transform. Experiments result show that mean accuracy of the fetal organs detection reaches 93.92% with mean kappa coefficient value reaches...
This paper presents the synthesis of a model-based robust observer with an unknown input that observes a state (manifold pressure) of Fuel Cell System (FCS) in the presence of uncertainties. Using this observer the proportionality constant of the inlet manifold orifice is estimated. Then this estimated parameter is used to calculate the time varying air mass flow. As the mass flow rates of reactant...
In this paper controller synthesis based on standard and dynamic sliding modes for an uncertain nonlinear MIMO three tank System is presented. Two types of sliding mode controllers are synthesized; first controller is based on standard first order sliding modes while second controller uses dynamic sliding modes. Sliding manifolds for both controllers are designed in-order to ensure finite time convergence...
The paper pertains to model validation and novel higher order sliding mode controller design for a nuclear research reactor. Sliding mode controllers for nuclear reactors were reported before but higher sliding mode controllers have added advantage of reduced chattering. The linear and nonlinear models of Pakistan Research Reactor-1 (PARR-1) have been tuned and validated with experimental data. These...
This study on the cambium of Pinus sylvestris L. examines the intrusive growth of fusiform cambial initials and its possible contribution to the tangential and radial expansions of the cambial cylinder. The location and extent of intrusive growth of the fusiform initials were determined by microscopic observations and by mathematical modeling. In order to meet the required circumferential expansion...
First of all, mathematically detailed non-linear and linear relative dynamic models for satellites in formation flying in low earth orbit (LEO) are derived and next state estimation based on Kalman filter is emphasized. The Extended Kalman filter (EKF) and linear Kalman filter (LKF) for nonlinear and linear relative models respectively are compared in this paper. By increasing relative distance between...
The paper pertains to model validation and novel higher order sliding mode observer design for estimating precursor concentration of a nuclear research reactor. The linear and non-linear models of Pakistan Research Reactor-1 have been tuned and validated with experimental data. These models are subsequently used for higher order sliding mode observer design and performance evaluation. After lab experimentations,...
The research work that has been carried out regarding the electrical conductivity of dielectric liquids, under various experimental conditions for industrial purposes or for physical investigations of fundamental character, has not yet been able to explain fully the conduction phenomenon. This is because the problem of conductivity in high fields is quite complicated. Although a considerable amount...
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