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Al/Ta2O5/Pt RRAM cell was successfully demonstrated with stable bipolar switching. Band alignment for the structure of Al/Ta2O5/Pt was obtained using high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to investigate resistance switching behavior. Hole barrier heights of Ta2O5 on metals Pt and Al were extracted using core level and valence band spectra. The energy band alignments of Pt/TaOx and Al/TaO...
Constant voltage electromigration was investigated as a method for assessing reliability in narrow Cu conductors. It is demonstrated theoretically that constant voltage (CV) testing can offer advantages over constant current (CC) testing for material that may vary significantly in geometry (thickness or line width) from sample to sample. Using known misprocessed material, this anticipated result was...
In this paper, a pin pull test is introduced as an effective way to assess the PCB pad strength. The pad strength is evaluated by different level of strain, pad type, PCB life phase and accumulation effect of various stations. Finite element analysis (FEA) is employed to analyze whether the PCB material affects the pad strength. It is found that PCB pad strength is sensitive to the rework process,...
To accurately measure the magnetic energy difference at different positions, the Joule balance is designed to work under a high stability and sensitivity environment. This paper presents the detailed design of balance system, the vibration characteristics of the balance foundation and the deformation of balance beam. The experimental results show that the maximum displacement of foundation is detected...
There exists a large and underutilized resource of archaeological literature, both formal, such as scholarly journals and less formal in the form of `grey literature'. In the archaeological domain the vast majority of this literature contains some geo-spatial element as well as the expected temporal information and therefore its ease of discovery would be greatly enhanced were it accessible via a...
Controlled doping appropriate elements into semiconductor nanostructures is of vital importance to develop novel materials and functional devices. Herein, we present three methods to synthesize Cu-doped ZnO nanostructures using a simple vapor phase transport process and adopting CuCl2, CuO or Cu as doping precursors. The corresponding morphology, structure, and chemical composition were investigated...
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