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Environmental heterogeneity is a primary factor in determining soil microbial spatial patterns. However, few studies have demonstrated a link between environmental heterogeneity and the spatial patterns in free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which are important in nitrogen cycling. Here, quantitative polymerase chain reaction and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism were used to determine...
We used the “space for time substitution” method to test the effects of reclamation history on evolution processes of soil properties and heavy metal concentrations. A total of 129 surface soil samples were collected in a reclamation zone of the Liaohe River Delta, which was divided into three reclaimed zones (1930s, 1960s, and 1990s), marsh, and intertidal flats. Soil metals (Fe, Mn, Cd, Cr, Cu,...
Vegetation is an essential component of terrestrial ecosystems, and it plays an important role in regulating climate change, the carbon cycle, and energy exchange. And permafrost is extremely sensitive to climate change. In particular, aboveground vegetation on permafrost has great sensitivity to that change. The permafrost zone of northeastern China, within middle and high latitudes of the northern...
Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) play an important role in the ecological restoration of water bodies, and it is crucial to understand the mechanism behind this. An experiment was performed in tanks consisting of three treatments: 1) without fish (control treatment, CON), 2) with fish unable to feed on submerged macrophytes (excretion treatment, EXCR), and 3) with fish swimming free (herbivory...
As urbanization increases, urban runoff becomes an increasingly more important component of urban non-point pollution. In this study, the Storm Water Management Model was used to simulate the quantity and quality of runoff in a highly urbanized catchment. Data from three rainfall events were collected and used for model calibration and validation. Model performance was assessed using the Nash-Sutcliffe...
Community surveys were performed in 30 forest stands with similar conditions under different management types in forests of northeastern China to study the influence of forest management on plant biodiversity. We evaluated this effect by calculating and analyzing species richness, vegetation structure, and aboveground biomass. Large variations in species composition, vegetation structure, species...
The fate of ammonium (NH₄+) was investigated using the 15N tracer stable isotope technique in integrated vertical-flow constructed wetlands (IVCWs). Two types of IVCW systems were built: unplanted IVCWs (control) and planted IVCWs. The results showed that a high NH₄+ removal efficiency (95.4%) in the planted IVCWs. Plants not only removed NH₄+ by direct uptake (13.6±0.7%) but also improved the NH₄+removal...
The air pollution index (API) and meteorological parameters in four cities (Harbin, Changchun, Shenyang, and Dalian) in north-eastern China were analyzed in 2001-12, to study the characterization of the API and its influential factors. According to the monitoring data, air pollution is a significant problem in northeastern China, with all four industrial cities heavily polluted, especially Shenyang...
Culture solutions of the submerged freshwater macrophytes Hydrilla verticillata and Vallisneria spiralis, separately incubated at 10 g of fresh weight (FW) per liter for three days, were extracted by solid phase extraction (SPE) followed by liquid liquid extraction (LLE), and the acquired ethyl acetate fractions were analyzed by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify potential allelochemicals...
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