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PWLL, the p-Wave Locked Loop, helps determining instantaneously the p to p time interval of the ECG and enables us to perform heart rate variability studies with p_p variation. In the previous PWLL circuit, the prefixed delay given for changing over from r-wave to p-wave might fail to work for certain abnormal p_p variations present in ECGs. In this improved version of the PWLL, the time duration...
In heart rate variability studies PWLL the p-Wave Locked Loop, is used to determine instantaneously the p-p time interval of the ECG. The reported version of the PWLL needs the user to operate a manual switch as to changeover from the r-r pickup to p-p determination and locking. In order to make this changeover an automatic issue this paper proposes a modification to the PWLL such that no additional...
One aspect in analysis of soundness of the heart is to monitor the variation of p-p interval in ECG the electrocardiogram. This paper reports an efficient hardware method of identifying the p-wave in the ECG and counting the time interval between successive p-waves. The hardware unit named as PWLL (p-wave locked loop) gets locked to the p-wave of the given ECG automatically and provides the p-p interval...
Heart rate variability studies made on determining the instantaneous p-p interval of the ECG gives more closer results than that determined over r-r interval. This paper proposes the design and implementation of PWLL (P-Wave Locked Loop), for identifying the p-wave in the ECG and determining the time interval between successive p-waves. With the ECG input given, the PWLL gets locked to the p-wave...
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