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E3 ubiquitin ligases are a large gene family that plays a diversity of roles in spermatogenesis. In this study, the functional characterization of a neuralized E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 3 (neurl3) revealed its potential participation in spermatogenesis. Firstly, we found that neurl3 exhibited male-biased transcription and that its translation was predominant in testis germ cells. The knockdown of...
Testis-specific protein kinase 1 (tesk1) represents a conserved gene family functioning in many cellular processes. In this study, we cloned and characterized an autosome-localized tesk1 gene (Altesk1) from Cynoglossus semilaevis. The open reading frame consists of 2088 nucleotides and encodes a 665 amino acid polypeptide. Phylogenetic analyses show that vertebrate Tesk1s are divided into two clusters...
Eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 delta (EEF1D) gene encodes guanine nucleotide exchange protein eEF1Bδ, which participates in the eukaryotic protein synthesis, and plays important roles in regulating cell cycling and milk production. This study firstly focused on detecting the isoforms of dairy goat EEF1D gene and their mRNA expression characterization. Herein, two novel isoforms, EEF1Da...
WRKY transcription factors play important roles in regulating biotic and abiotic stress responses in plants. Although a plethora of studies have revealed the functions and mechanisms of some WRKYs in various plants, the studies of WRKYs in woody plants especially tree species under different abiotic and biotic stress conditions are still not well characterized. In this study, we selected 20 Populus...
The SPSB family is comprised of four highly conserved proteins, each containing a C-terminal SOCS box motif and a central SPRY domain. Presently, Spsb genes have been found in mammals and in a few invertebrates, however, the specific functions of these genes are still unknown. In this study, we identified a Spsb gene from the planarian Dugesia japonica and termed it DjSpsb. The temporal and spatial...
Sox genes play important roles in animal developmental processes, including embryogenesis, neural cell stemness, neurogenesis, sex determination, among others. Here, the full length sox gene in planarian Dugesia japonica, named DjsoxB, was cloned using rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). Phylogenetic analysis demonstrates that DjsoxB is highly conserved evolutionarily in metazoans. Whole-mount...
Accumulating evidence suggests that a single microRNA (miRNA) locus can generate a series of sequences during miRNA maturation process. These multiple sequences, called miRNA variants, or isomiRs, have different lengths and different 5′ and 3′ ends. Some of these isomiRs are detected as varied nucleotides and 3′ additional non-template nucleotides. As physiological miRNA isoforms, they have drawn...
Aminopeptidases N (APNs), the receptors of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxin in the lepidopteran midgut, are involved in the Bt pathogen infection mechanism. In the present work, we screened 102 APNs from SilkDB, ButterflyBase and MonarchBase; 16 APNs were identified from the silkworm (Bombyx mori) and 24 from the monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus). Syntenic and phylogenetic tree analysis showed...
Agouti-related protein (AgRP) is an important neuropeptide involved in the regulation of feeding in both mammals and fish. In this study, we have cloned the full-length cDNA sequence for AgRP in a cyprinid fish (Schizothorax prenanti). The AgRP gene, encoding 126-amino acids, was strongly expressed in the brain. The AgRP gene was detected in embryos at developmental stages. Further, its mRNA was detectable...
The nanos gene family was essential for germ line development in diverse organisms. In the present study, the full-length cDNA of a nanos1 homologue in A. sinensis, Asnanos1, was isolated and characterized. The cDNA sequence of Asnanos1 was 1489 base pairs (bp) in length and encoded a peptide of 228 amino acid residues. Multiple sequence alignment showed that the zinc-finger motifs of Nanos1 were...
The isolation and characterization of AcSERK2, another somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinase (SERK) gene homolog, confirmed that there was a SERK gene family in pineapple. AcSERK2 shared high similarity to AcSERK1 and other SERKs, containing all the characteristic domains of the SERK family. The expressed recombinant protein of pET-AcSERK2 was soluble. AcSERK2 expression was effectively induced...
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a family of small noncoding RNAs with important regulatory roles in diverse biological processes ranging from cell differentiation to organism development. In chickens, the full set of miRNAs and the expression patterns of miRNAs during development are still poorly understood when compared to the other vertebrates. In this study, we identified 29 novel miRNAs and 140 potential...
Calcium plays a crucial role as a second messenger in mediating various defense responses under environmental stresses. Calcineurin B-like (CBL) proteins have been implicated as important Ca 2+ sensors in plant-specific calcium signaling. Based on the similarity of sequence, ten CBL genes were identified by searching the rice japonica genome database, which were randomly distribute on chromosomes...
The broad-complex, tramtrack (ttk) and bric-a-brac/poxvirus and zinc finger proteins (BTB/POZ) domain is highly conserved in a large family of eukaryotic proteins and is crucial for the latter's diverse roles in mediating interactions among proteins that are involved in transcription regulation and chromatin structures. From a fetal brain cDNA library, we isolated a cDNA of 2489 base pairs (bp) encoding...
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