The Infona portal uses cookies, i.e. strings of text saved by a browser on the user's device. The portal can access those files and use them to remember the user's data, such as their chosen settings (screen view, interface language, etc.), or their login data. By using the Infona portal the user accepts automatic saving and using this information for portal operation purposes. More information on the subject can be found in the Privacy Policy and Terms of Service. By closing this window the user confirms that they have read the information on cookie usage, and they accept the privacy policy and the way cookies are used by the portal. You can change the cookie settings in your browser.
Significant mineral impurities are produced during oil shale mining. However, inorganic minerals can be partially discarded, with an improvement in oil shale quality, through physical separation methods. Based on analysis of physical properties of oil shale, this paper firstly proposes a separation process combining compound dry cleaning and vibrated air dense medium fluidized bed (VADMFB) separation,...
The explosion and combustion parameters of mixtures of methane and air with saturated water vapor were experimentally measured in a standard 20-L spherical explosion vessel at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The experimental data were carefully scrutinized and compared to elucidate the effect of saturated water vapor in air. When the methane content is below 10%, the maximum explosion pressure,...
In this study, the near-limit behavior of gaseous detonations in three methane–oxygen mixtures (CH4–2O2, CH4–1.5O2 and CH4–4O2) is investigated experimentally. A 36-mm diameter circular tube and three annular channel gaps (w=2mm, 4.5mm and 7mm) were used to look at the effect of different geometries on the detonation limits phenomenon. Photodiodes and smoked foils were employed to measure the time-of-arrival...
In this study, detonation cell sizes of binary fuel blends of methane–hydrogen–oxygen mixtures with different compositions (i.e., CH4–2H2–3O2, CH4–H2–2.5O2 and CH4–4H2–4O2) are experimentally measured. Good agreement is found between the experimental data and predictions based on the chemical length scales obtained from a detailed chemical kinetic model. The results show that detonation structure...
Binary fuel blends of methane and hydrogen have a wide application in the internal combustion engines due to their promising combustion performance, although substantial studies have been carried to investigate the combustion characteristics, very limited study focused on its detonation limits for propagation in tubes or pipes. In this study, near detonation limits behavior, which includes velocity...
In this study, fast microwave-assisted catalytic co-pyrolysis of microalgae and scum on HZSM-5 catalyst for bio-oil production was investigated. The effects of co-pyrolysis temperature, catalyst to feed ratio, and microalgae to scum ratio on bio-oil yield and composition were examined. Experimental results show that temperature had great influence on the co-pyrolysis process. The optimal temperature...
In this study, an investigation of the explosion parameters, which include maximum explosion pressure (pmax), maximum rate of pressure rise (dp/dt)max, and combustion characteristics, i.e., laminar burning velocity (SL), activation temperature (Ta) and Zel’dovich number (Ze) of dimethyl ether (DME)–air–argon/nitrogen mixtures are systematically carried out. The dilution effects on the explosion and...
In this study, the effect of dimethyl ether (DME) addition on the explosion of methane/air mixture is investigated. In particular, the explosion and deflagration parameters of various CH4–DME/air mixtures are systematically studied. Those parameters include flammability limits, maximum explosion pressure, pmax, maximum rate of pressure rise (dp/dt)max, and laminar burning velocity SL. In general,...
Coal is one of the most important primary energy sources worldwide. With the shortage of water resources and increasing acid rain, the studies on dry coal beneficiation have become more and more important. In this study, a gas-vibro fluidized bed introducing active pulsing gas into an air-dense medium fluidized bed was used for the deash and desulfurization of fine coal. The effects of gas velocity...
p-Xylene is an important intermediate for the production of polyethylene terephthalate, it has growing chemical industrial demand based on the statistics in the last few decades. In the process of producing p-Xylene, gaseous hydrocarbon fuels (e.g., H2, C1–C3) are usually involved, which renders p-Xylene highly possible mix with those gaseous hydrocarbon fuels as leaking occurs, this presents fire...
In order to promote efficient production of aromatic hydrocarbons, catalytic co-pyrolysis of corn stalk and high density polyethylene (HDPE) over HZSM-5 zeolite catalyst was performed using quantitative Py–GC/MS. For the catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of HDPE, the relative content of aromatic hydrocarbons tended to increase at first and then decreased gradually. For the catalytic co-pyrolysis (co-CFP)...
The distillation curves of crude bio-oil from glycerol-assisted hydrothermal liquefaction of swine manure were measured. The crude bio-oil had much higher distillation temperature than diesel and gasoline. Ninety percentage of the crude bio-oil was recovered at a distillation temperature of 498.8°C, compared to 350.4°C for diesel and 177.8°C for gasoline. The remaining 10% of the residue was mainly...
This work was initiated to address safety concerns related to natural gas (NG)–air mixtures. NG, being an alternative fuel for vehicles and a chemical feedstock in the manufacture of organic chemicals, has been widely used in the industrial process in the past decade. NG is a flammable, gaseous fuel and thus presents a fire and explosion hazard. In this study, an investigation of the explosion characteristics...
Detonations in gaseous hydrocarbon fuels present a serious safety threat in the worldwide chemical process plants and mining industries. From the foundation of safety aspect, only the critical conditions delineating initiation and failure of a potential detonation being well understood, then the related safety strategies can be effectively performed and accidents would be avoided in the future. Prediction,...
Although the detonation phenomenon in liquid hydrocarbon fuel/air mixtures is a significant issue for chemical processing and development of propulsion materials, very limited amount of critical energy of direct initiation and detonation cell size – which provide a measure of detonability or sensitivity of an explosive mixture – are available in literature. In this study, the critical energies for...
Although diethyl ether (DEE) is an excellent compression-ignition fuel, it is extremely flammable and presents a serious fire and explosion hazard. Therefore, before widespread use of DEE as an energy carrier, its safety-related issues must first be addressed. In this study, experiments of transition from deflagration to detonation (DDT) and detonation structure in DEE mist/air and DEE mist/aluminum...
This paper investigated the emissions performance of a passenger car powered by the hybrid hydrogen–gasoline engine under the New European Driving Cycle. The hydrogen was produced from an onboard water electrolysis hydrogen generator fixed in the trunk. The test results demonstrated that, when the engine was started with pure hydrogen for the first 7s and fueled with the pure gasoline after 11s from...
Removal of NO was studied in a lab-scale bubbling reactor. Effects of operation parameters such as pH value, H 2 O 2 concentration, NO inlet concentration and reaction temperature on NO removal efficiency were investigated. The operation parameters included 250–1000ppm NO, 0.5–1.5mol/L H 2 O 2 , FeSO 4 0.05mol/L, 2–6 pH, 25–70°C. As can be seen from the experimental...
Dissolution rate of magnesium hydrate for wet flue gas desulfurization was measured by a pH-stat method. It was found that the dissolution rate of magnesium hydrate was controlled by mass transfer. As can be seen from the experimental results, the dissolution rate of magnesium hydrate increases with increasing reaction temperature and stirring speed. Lower pH value is favorable to the dissolution...
The absorption kinetics of NO into aqueous solutions of NaClO 3 /NaOH was investigated under different experimental conditions in a stirred tank reactor. It is proven that the absorption process is a fast pseudo-mth reaction. The reaction was found to be second-order with respect to NO and first-order with respect to NaClO 3 . The frequency factor and average activation energy of this...
Set the date range to filter the displayed results. You can set a starting date, ending date or both. You can enter the dates manually or choose them from the calendar.