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Due to the extremely thin aspect ratio of graphene fillers, graphene-graphene contact could easily develop and this would introduce a new contact resistance to thermal transport in the graphene-polymer nanocomposites. The effect of this contact resistance has never been considered before. In this paper we present a new theory of thermal conductivity that includes both interfacial Kapitza resistance...
Graphene fiber-based electrodes for supercapacitors are promising candidates for wearable energy storage. Their main limitation, although, is the low electrochemical performance caused by the restacking of graphene sheets and their hydrophobicity to electrolytes. Incorporation of nanofillers into graphene is an efficient way to overcome the challenges, however, often leading to a severe deterioration...
Graphene microtube has a robust potential application in gas separation, catalysis, water treatment and electronics. At present it remains two big challenges: high persistence of the tubular structure and high quality of the microtube. Here, a novel electrochemical technique was proposed, in which graphene oxides can be simultaneously deposited and reduced on a template wire at room temperature. After...
Graphene-metal hybrid systems are highly promising as a very important building block in plasmonic structure for biosensing and catalyzing applications. However, the potential and mechanism of graphene in plasmon enhancement for such hybrids are not clear enough, although the corresponding enhancement of light-matter interaction has been reported. Here, we report an ultrafast optical spectroscopy...
The incorporation of low-dimensional nanomaterials into 3D metal matrices are promising to translate their intriguing properties from nanoscale to the macroscopic world. However, the design of robust nanofillers and effective fabrication of such bulk composites remain challenging. Here we report a configuration design of nanocarbon for reinforcing metals via unzipping carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into...
Flexoelectricity phenomenon is the response of electric polarization to an applied strain gradient and is developed as a consequence of crystal symmetry in all materials. In this study, we show that the presence of strain gradient in non-piezoelectric graphene sheet does not only affect the ionic positions, but also the asymmetric redistribution of the electron density, which induce strong polarization...
High-performance actuators have been studied for many years, as they can be used in the fields of artificial muscles, optical switches and biomimetic applications. However, previous actuators mostly had single colors. Actuators with switchable optical properties are still rare. Here, we propose a transparency-switchable actuator based on single-layer superaligned carbon nanotube sheet and paraffin-polydimethylsiloxane...
Fiber-shaped flexible supercapacitors have attracted considerable attention in recent years due to their potential application in wearable electronics. However, the limited energy density is still a serious bottleneck which restricts their practical application. In this work, transition metal oxide nanorods/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) hybrid fibers were prepared by a facile, scalable wet-spinning...
Clean surface of graphene was obtained at 500 °C and characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). In the XPS C1s spectrum of graphene, besides an asymmetric sp2 carbon peak and a π-π∗ shake-up peak appeared, an additional sp3 carbon peak representing sp3 defects was also present. In the ToF-SIMS positive ion spectrum of graphene,...
The present work explores new methodology of fabricating the polymer nanocomposite with improved interlaminar, dynamic and micro mechanical properties. Varying amount of carbon nanofibers (CNF) were filled into the glass fiber/unsaturated polyester composite using filtering membrane vacuum-assisted method. Microporous nylon membrane was used to improve the dispersion of CNF in the lamination panels...
Many experiments have shown that electrical conductivity and dielectric permittivity of graphene-polymer nanocomposites are strongly dependent on the loading frequency, but at present no theory seems to be able to address the continuous influence of frequency. In this work we present a new effective-medium theory that is derived from the underlying physical processes including the effects of filler...
Stacking order of layered materials strongly influences their electronic properties. Bernal (AB) and rhombohedral (ABC) stacking are much common in few-layer graphenes. Here, we found that AB- and ABC-stacked few-layer graphenes can be well distinguished by whether their highest-frequency shear modes are observed or not in the Raman spectra at room temperature. This method can be expanded to Raman...
Biomembrane transformations are closely related to many biological processes including endo/exocytosis and the cellular response to the local physical environment. In this work, we investigated the transformation between lipid membranes and lipid vesicles/tubes modulated by the solid substrate of graphene oxide (GO) aggregates under laser irradiation. We firstly fabricate a novel type of lipid@GO...
Small quantities of graphene fillers in the polymeric matrix allow us to obtain a novel class of lightweight nanocomposites with outstanding electrical properties. The availability of appropriate simulation models taking into account the morphological and physical features of such an interesting material is very important for design and optimizations of high performance devices and systems. In this...
The cleanliness of the surface of graphene is important for its proper functioning in devices and sensors. Impurities including residual poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and hydrocarbon contaminants can alter its electronic and chemical properties. In this study, we used two surface-sensitive techniques, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS),...
Hybrids of graphene and other two-dimensional materials have shown extraordinary properties. However, the current preparation method, chemical vapor deposition, suffers from the disadvantages of low throughput and high cost, and the produced solid hybrids are unsuitable for those applications in aqueous solution. Therefore, it is very important to find a facile method to prepare these hybrids in solution...
SiC/Mo (Six, Al1−x)2 multilayer coatings were prepared on carbon/carbon (C/C) composites using a multi-phase reaction technique to improve their high temperature oxidation resistance. The microstructure and phase compositions of the multilayer coatings were investigated by SEM, XRD and EDS. The coating exhibits a binary-layer microstructure, i.e. an outer Mo(Six, Al1−x)2 layer and an inner SiC layer...
Forcespinning® technology was used to study large-scale production of conductive nonwoven nanofiber composite mats. Carboxyl functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNT) were used to reinforce poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). Composite nanofibers were developed with average diameters ranging from 370nm to 800nm depending on the selected processing parameters. It was found that the most influential...
Carbon films on SiC have many applications, ranging from tribology to electrical energy storage. Formation of epitaxial or heteroepitaxial layers of carbon on SiC by “soft solution process,” such as electro- or photochemical ones, is attractive for various fields of application, decreasing the energy consumption and making the process compatible with electronic device fabrication. We have demonstrated...
We fabricated a monolithic Fe 2 O 3 /graphene hybrid directly by hydrothermal reaction of ferrous oxalate dihydrate and graphene oxide without using a reducing agent. The reduced graphene oxide formed an interconnected network structure that can be used as a support for homogeneous distribution of active Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles. The graphene network and the pore channels...
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