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In cognitive radio technology, constant changes in the environment like change in background noise, movements of the users or transmitters, interferences, etc. require the spectrum sensing parameters like detection threshold to be changed. Else, errors in spectrum sensing arises which either causes interference between transmission from primary and secondary users, or the secondary user misses an...
This paper presents a deterministic model of Ant System and its subsequent frequency domain analysis. Classical Ant System is modeled as a first order and first degree differential equation form without violating the stochastic nature of the ant dynamics. Then, a transfer function model is developed and the system characterization is done in frequency domain. It is helpful to explore the system behavior...
In this paper, we have proposed a modified model of dynamic pheromone updation for ant system, entitled as Dynamic Adaptive Ant System (DAAS) by incorporating the dynamic property in the pheromone trail factor with the help of Least Means Square (LMS) algorithm. Here, static pheromone trail factor, ρ, in ant learning equation, has been made dynamic and adaptive to increase the effectiveness of the...
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