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This paper presents an analysis of the Perturb and Observe Maximum Power Point Tracking controller, providing a useful tool to design an optimal MPPT controller for photovoltaic applications. The method uses the complete equation for the photovoltaic module to calculate exact values in the non-linear power-voltage profile. The amplitude of the duty cycle perturbation is designed from the maximum power...
Activating the demand-side of the electric system is a comeback of an old idea. What decades ago did not work out due to the lack of proper technology, today raises hopes to meliorate some of the most problematic situations in electric system operation such as ever higher peak demands and high wind generation during low demand periods. Smart grid infrastructures are currently implemented in many countries...
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