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In bacteria, RNA polymerase (RNAP) initiates transcription by synthesizing short transcripts that are either released or extended to allow RNAP to escape from the promoter. The mechanism of initial transcription is unclear due to the presence of transient intermediates and molecular heterogeneity. Here, we studied initial transcription on a lac promoter using single-molecule fluorescence observations...
Bacterial transcription is initiated after RNA polymerase (RNAP) binds to promoter DNA, melts ~14bp around the transcription start site and forms a single-stranded “transcription bubble” within a catalytically active RNAP–DNA open complex (RP o ). There is significant flexibility in the transcription start site, which causes variable spacing between the promoter elements and the start site;...
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