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Sperber, Cara, and Girotto (Cognition 52 (1995) 3) argued that, in Wason's selection task, relevance-guided comprehension processes tend to determine participants' performance and pre-empt the use of other inferential capacities. Because of this, the value of the selection task as a tool for studying human inference has been grossly overestimated. Fiddick, Cosmides, and Tooby (Cognition 77 (2000)...
Most individuals fail the selection task, selecting P and Q cases, when they have to test descriptive rules of the form ''If P, then Q''. But they solve it, selecting P and not-Q cases, when they have to test deontic rules of the form ''If P, then must Q''. According to relevance theory, linguistic comprehension processes determine intuitions of relevance that, in turn, determine case selections in...
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