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In May 2017, the Project Haiti team of two faculty and eleven students from Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach, Florida, working together with a professor and translator from the Universite d'Etat d'Haiti, designed and installed a solar-powered water purification system in the village of Drouin, Artibonite Department, Haiti. This region has been at the epicenter of the post-2010 cholera...
Cough sound analysis has attracted interest as a potential low-cost diagnostic tool for low-resource settings, where the burden of pulmonary disease is quite high. However, published results on cough sound analysis are generally limited to specific pulmonary diseases (e.g. detection of Whooping cough — Pertussis) and the study sizes are small. In this paper, we present a general framework for cough...
Child health screening is a fundamental component of public health, which includes neonatal screening, detection of infectious diseases and monitoring of nutritional status. Unfortunately, the tools to perform these tasks are often very crude, requiring manual input of data which is prone to error and falsification. Furthermore, the staff which performs these duties often lack clinical training or...
Social Media plays an increasingly important role in humanitarian and disaster response scenarios. However, typical social media applications rely on internet connectivity, and as a result are often not available during the acute phase of disasters. The MeshMS service of the Serval Mesh established the practicality of implementing a secure and private SMS-like textmessaging facility that can be used...
Self-organizing Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) based on Delay Tolerant Networking (DTN), are powerful tools for maintaining or reestablishing telecommunications following disasters and other infrastructure disrupting events. However, such networks typically have very limited bandwidth compared with infrastructure-based networks, with the practical effect that they cannot satisfy every demand placed...
Free Learning for Humanity (FLH) is a new initiative to bring free online learning, experience, and new forms of credentials to those without access to higher education from an accredited institution. FLH is resourced as part of a seed grant from IEEE New Initiatives Committee plus from a growing base of worldwide volunteers and organizations. FLH is not a program or a system, but rather a set of...
The Question Box is a ruggedized cellular phone-booth designed to allow low-income communities the ability to access expert advice on a variety of topics, free of charge. This simple concept enables such consultation irrespective of income or literacy level, and has proven its value in deployments in rural India and in Sierra Leone during the Ebola crisis. The system consists primarily of the Question...
We developed an approach to a resilient communications system for post-disaster situations that make use of cooperative missions involving multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), ground teams, and vehicle communication hubs (VHUB). In this paper, we will discuss how the communication system can operate even without relying on conventional communication networks such as the cellular network and Internet,...
Existing ad-hoc wireless communications systems are based around Wi-Fi communications, owing to the ubiquity and cost-effectiveness of Wi-Fi; no other open wireless communications channel offers the capabilities and benefits of mass-production consumer markets. However in some situations even long-range directional Wi-Fi links are not suitable. For example Pacific nations spread over island groups...
Soil and nutrient depletion from intensive use of land is a critical issue for food production. An understanding of whether the soil is adequately treated with appropriate crop management practices in real-time during production cycles could prevent soil erosion and the overuse of natural or artificial resources to keep the soil healthy and suitable for planting. Precision agriculture traditionally...
Over 25% of the global disease burden requires surgical therapy, which could prevent over 18 million deaths per year. Yet two billion people have no meaningful access to safe surgical care, and two to three billion more have access only to unsterile surgeries, leading to disproportionate rates of surgical infections. At the same time, over 85,000 medical providers are infected by patient bodily fluids...
Ad-hoc Wi-Fi is well known in disaster communications systems, because of its ability to form infrastructure-free peer-to-peer networks. However, ad-hoc Wi-Fi has a major disadvantage due to the lack of coordinating infrastructure: Its energy consumption is very high, reducing battery life to as little as 1.5 hours. Thus, while it would be highly desirable for mobile phones to use ad-hoc Wi-Fi communications...
The Servai Mesh Extender is a low-cost open-source infrastructure-independent telecommunications relay device developed to support telecommunications during and following disasters, as well as in remote and isolated locations. The Mesh Extender has been under development for five years, and is just now transitioning from a primarily University research system, into a mass-producible and deployable...
This report explores the practical application of 3D printing as a medium for large and small scale braille maps. In October 2016 the Engineering Innovation Center located at Texas A&M University completed a draft run of braille maps printed in a desktop ABS printer. This project resulted when one mechanical engineering freshman took a 3D printing class at the Engineering Innovation Center and...
This paper presents a case study of a university campus in Kiziba refugee camp in Rwanda. It evaluates different aspects of this university as a unique example of education in an extreme environment. The goal is to answer what accommodations, educational and technical, need to be made for a university to function in such extreme environments. In the process, field measurements were made evaluating...
We describe Malasakit 1.0 (meaning “sincere care” in Filipino), a customizable participatory assessment platform that collects and streamlines quantitative and qualitative analyses and insights of disaster risk reduction (DRR) strategies. While supervised classification approaches offer opportunity to understand qualitative textual suggestions, those methods break down in areas like the Philippines,...
The Integrated Child Development Scheme (ICDS) of Government of India has so far seen only mixed results with nearly one fourth of the children under the age of 6 years are still undernourished. The budgetary allocation has been increasing over the years to strengthen and close gaps in the program and there is increased pressure on policy makers and program implementers to show the results. We argue...
In the spring of 2013, Alberta experienced significant flooding. According to the government of Alberta, this flood was “the largest and most expensive natural disaster in Alberta's history” [1]. Siksika Nation was severely impacted, with almost 170 homes devastated by the flood [2]. Recovery was slow, with many families left in temporary housing or without power for several years. A community engagement...
Over the past 20 years, off-grid solar home systems (SHS), comprised of solar panels, batteries, a charge controller and loads, have proved the most popular and immediate solution increasing energy access, mainly through rural electrification, across the Global South. Although deployed in significant numbers, issues remain with SHS cost, reliability, utilization and sustainability. Interconnection...
This paper proposes a solution for small-scale off-grid power by exploiting the temperature gradient that exists in the natural surroundings. Thermoelectric Generators (TEG) are low-power and relatively inexpensive devices that have the ability to produce power based on a temperature differential between a hot side and a cold side. In this paper, solar power or simply the ambient temperature is used...
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