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This research examines the vibration and thermal characteristics of double-sided flux concentrating Transverse Flux Machines (TFM), designed for direct drive application. Two TFM prototypes with different stator cores, one with Quasi U-Core and the other with E-Core, has been used for the study. 3D Finite Element Analysis (FEA) has been carried out to determine the no-load and with load performance...
This paper presents a novel Flux Switching Transverse Flux Machine (FS-TFM) topology. This new topology is well suited to use low cost ferrite magnets in a flux focusing design to achieve high torque density. An electric scooter traction motor featuring the proposed topology is designed using soft magnetic composites through 3D finite element analysis. Design optimization and analysis are conducted...
Axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) synchronous motors are attractive for low speed direct drive systems because of their high specific torque. The present paper proposes a novel axial flux machine topology, called MAGNUS, obtained by combining a yokeless central stator type NS arrangement with two external high polarity spoke-rotors, resulting in very high flux concentration. The stator, which includes...
Uneven distribution of magnetic flux in a conventional magnetic core limits improvement of power density of the magnetic component. By making a magnetic core comprising materials with different permeabilities, henceforth called multi-permeability core, a more uniform flux distribution can be achieved without complex configuration and geometry of the core and winding. In this work, we designed a three-ring...
This paper presents the theoretical analysis on the errors in voltage synthesis and position estimation due to the voltage distortion in position-sensorless operation. Especially, the pulsating square wave signal injection method into the estimated d-axis would be focused on, revealing the nature that the position estimation performance depends on the frequency of the injected signal. From the analysis,...
Back-EMF self-sensing is commonly used in induction machine (IM) drive systems. Deadbeat-direct torque and flux control (DB-DTFC) has also shown to be a highly effective method for IM control. At low speeds, accurate machine parameters are important for both DB-DTFC and back-EMF self-sensing performance. In this paper, an injection-based real-time parameter estimation method in IM DB-DTFC drives for...
Interests in using rare-earth free motors such as switched reluctance motors (SRMs) for electric and hybrid electric vehicles (EV/HEVs) continue to gain popularity, owing to their low cost and robustness. Optimal design of a SRM, to meet specific characteristics for an application, should involve simultaneous optimization of the motor geometry and control in order to achieve the highest performance...
This study investigates the effect of different skewing methods and angles for switched reluctance machines (SRM) having high pole count using multiphysics simulations. A 24/16 SRM is modeled for each skewing method and different skewing angles using 3D electromagnetic finite element analysis (FEA). Mechanical and acoustical analyses are performed to evaluate the effectiveness of different skewing...
A capacitor voltage balancing method for a three phase modular multilevel DC-DC converter (MMDC) is proposed in the paper. The MMDC is derived from a three phase DAB and a modular multilevel converter (MMC) and inherits desirable features of both topologies. To guarantee stable operation of the MMDC, submodule (SM) capacitor voltages are required to be balanced. The proposed balancing method is to...
In this paper, we investigate the variation in characteristics of variable speed induction motors fed by inverters with grades of core materials used for stators and rotors from both results of measurement and finite element analysis. Identical shaped stator/rotor cores are manufactured by using several kinds of electrical steel sheets from low to high grades. Then, the characteristics of these motors...
Multilevel inverters are high voltage, high power devices with wide electrical applications due to their lower output harmonic component and device stress management capabilities. Manifold control strategies have been proposed and implemented for MLIs and fundamental frequency switching strategies are especially suited due to their ability to provide for higher efficiency. This paper proposes a hybrid...
A hybrid balancing approach that combines active and passive balancing is presented for a modular battery management system (BMS) in electric-drive vehicles. The hybrid system combines advantages of module-level active balancing with cost-effectiveness of cell-level passive balancing. A module consists of a number of cells connected in series, with cell-level passive balancing performed within a module,...
This work investigates maximum efficiency control strategies of permanent magnet (PM) traction machine drives that are adopted in General Motors (GM) hybrid and electric vehicles. First, three different current vector control techniques, Maximum Torque Per Ampere (MTPA), Maximum Torque Per Motor Loss (MTPML), and Maximum Torque Per System Loss (MTPSL), are presented to identify the most attractive...
Neutral point potential oscillation at low frequency is an important issue in four pole neutral point clamped converter since this leads to the extra voltage stress on the split DC-link capacitors. The detailed analysis indicates such oscillation is closely associated with the neutral point current at low frequency, so this paper explores their relationship, and presents the modulation techniques...
This paper proposes an Energy Management System (EMS) of the electrical plant of a yatch with a DC micro-grid structure. Such an EMS has as target function the reduction of the DE fuel consumption and correspondingly of the related polluting emission. A complete dynamic model of the electric plant of a yacht has been presented. In particular, assumed that the main electrical generator of the ship...
A semi-active hybrid energy storage system, consisting of a Li-ion battery pack, dc/dc converter, and Li-ion capacitor pack is developed for a range extended plug-in vehicle application. The vehicle has a series-parallel drivetrain with two electric motors, a gas engine, gearbox, and a clutch to allow the engine to run decoupled from the gearbox in range extending mode. The peak dc electrical requirement...
Traditional Hysteresis current control (T-HCC) method has a good transient response performance and robustness. However, when applied in the three-phase voltage source converters (VSCs) occasions, due to the interphases dependency and coupling among the three-phase currents, current harmonics and high switching frequency will arise. Considering of this, this paper presents a new sine-like HCC (SL-HCC)...
Since the capacitor equivalent series resistance (ESR) above 1kHz almost stays constant, dc-link current root-mean-square (RMS) closed form equation is an easy way to evaluate the capacitor losses from the switching harmonic currents (SHCs). But when the ac current contains multiple low order harmonics (LOHs), their impacts on the dc-link has not been systematically studied. In this paper, a straightforward...
In this paper a control system for shunt active power filters based on an array of proportional-resonant regulators is developed. An important advantage of this topology is the possibility of selective control, namely the possibility to choose the set of current harmonics that has to be compensated. The main contribution of the paper is an algorithm that adaptively changes the voltage saturation of...
This paper proposes possibilities of Y-connected three-leg topologies, that are built from combinations of two-level and three-level legs (hybrid structures). Therefore, four topologies are studied and compared in aspects such as harmonic distortion of output voltages and rating of power switches. Additionally, semiconductor losses comparisons in different scenarios of load (either high current or...
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