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The study presents data on the state of health of smartphone and tablet lithium-ion batteries that were used in devices in the field for up to several years. Data was retrieved from the coconutBattery database, which contains thousands of datasets on batteries from several device models from the same manufacturer. The durability of batteries in the sample data was found to be quite high. Even batteries...
The overview of the main challenges and barriers related with the issues of reuse and remanufacturing of components from smart mobile devices were presented. The authors mainly focused on the current state of the art as well as the preliminary remarks from first investigation of the “sustainablySMART” H2020 project were presented. It was stated that both in reuse and remanufacturing processes of modern...
Public authorities have an important role to play in mainstreaming green procurement for ICT. However, a life-cycle thinking approach in the procurement process is necessary today. Several LCA studies have shown that the manufacturing phase of ICT products have a proportionally increasing environmental impact as compared to the use phase. Thus, extension of the service life of ICT products has been...
Planned obsolescence has recently been a common allegation to manufacturers, but proof apart from isolated cases is missing. This paper analyses the situation for smartphones, looks at use- and lifetime of smartphones and the underlying reasons for their obsolescence. Surveys show that a majority of consumers believes in “planned obsolescence” as a fact on the market and would like to have more durable...
Product lifetimes and disposal pathways are essential aspects of dynamic material flow analyses (MFAs), which have often been used to model stocks and flows of electronic devices and the resources they contain. Existing studies mainly focus on the use and disposal of electronic devices by private consumers. The specific handling of business devices has rarely been assessed. This article presents the...
Product lifetimes are a relevant topic of discussion towards establishing a circular economy, particularly in terms of the reduction of environmental impacts by improving product longevity. Various researchers have developed models to estimate actual lifetimes and have reported case studies for some product categories (e.g. electrical and electronic equipment, and vehicles). However, actual lifetimes...
Circular economy is a concept describing an industrial economy, which produces no wastes and no emissions through its design, considering all the phases of the life cycle of products. It has gained worldwide importance in the latest years and the European Commission adopted an ambitious Circular Economy Package, including revised legislation proposals ‘to stimulate Europe's transition towards a circular...
Closing the loop for products, components and materials loop promotes resource efficiency. Loop-closing approaches extend the traditional value chain through collection, refurbishment or reprocessing value steps and through new actors and stakeholders in the business environment becoming relevant. The once linear value chains of companies or industries are extended; or linked between industries; re/decomposed;...
In this study, a technology process including wet grinding, sieving and vacuum separation was proposed to recycle materials from waste liquid crystal display panel (LCDP). A wet crusher was used to break the glass and polarizing film of LCDP into granule first. Most liquid crystal molecules (94.10 wt. %) would be cleaned from LCDP under the impact of crusher and stayed in water. When the particle...
This paper presents methods for the assessment and evaluation of two energy efficiency strategies for the soldering process in the field of electronics production. The first method evaluates the electrical energy consumption performance through the energy value modeling in the production process level. In the second method, also other energy resources rather the electrical energy consumption is considered...
The research activities described in this manuscript were developed within HydroWEEE projects. These projects were funded by European Union in the ambit of 7 FP Work Program with the aim to develop innovative hydrometallurgical processes for the recovery of critical materials from waste electrical and electronic equipments as the fluorescent lamps and the cathode ray tubes. From recycling of them...
Modern electronic devices are constructed using a large palette of materials, some of which are considered “critical,” meaning that their supply-chains are tenuous to some degree and they cannot easily be substituted. The rare earth crisis of 2010–'11 brought worldwide attention to the challenge of dealing with critical materials, and resulted in several research programs being created, world wide,...
Matching system functionality and user needs by learning from user behaviour enables a significant reduction in energy consumption. Habits and routine behaviour are exploited and captured in user profiles to automatically create customized heating schedules. However, over time the user conduct can change either gradually or abruptly and old occupancy patterns could become obsolete. Hence, a self-learning...
Fairphone - a Dutch social enterprise - is trying to reduce the social and environmental problems in electronics manufacturing and therefore producing a “fair” smartphone. There first product was the Fairphone 1 in 2013, followed by the Fairphone 2 in 2016.
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