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This paper summarises the key considerations in the application of plain and blocked distance protection schemes to circuits adjacent to the compensated circuit. Starting from the considerations which are common for all distance protection schemes, the paper illustrates considerations typical to a Blocked distance scheme. The paper highlights the key factors which influence the apparent impedance...
An open phase event occurred on the primary side of a Station Auxiliary Transformer; some electrical induction motors without adequate protection devices were not disconnected and were damaged by the thermal effect of a relatively high negative sequence current component. In order to develop recommendations for improving the voltage monitoring concept as well as for designing an appropriate protection...
Protection issues are major challenges in realising multi-terminal (MT) HVDC systems. In this paper, the findings of an investigation carried out on a di/dt based protection technique with the view to ascertaining its suitability for the protection of DC lines are presented. Firstly the main issues regarding the protection of MT-HVDC system are explored and thereafter the di/dt protection technique...
Inverter interfaced distributed generators (IIDG) play increasingly important role in German low voltage grids. Today IIDG in German low voltage grids disconnect in case of a grid faults following the valid guidelines (AR-N4105). It is discussed to change the guidelines towards a delivery of reactive current in case of grid faults similar to the present German guidelines for the medium voltage (BDEW,...
High impedance faults (HIFs) are easy to occur in collective feeders in wind farms and may cause the cascading of wind generators tripping. This kind of faults is difficult to be detected by traditional relay or fuse due to the limited fault current values and the situation is worse in wind farms. The mostly adopted HIF detection algorithms are based on the 3rd harmonic characteristic of the fault...
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