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Precise time synchronization has become a critical component of modern power systems. There are several available methods for synchronizing the intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) in a power system. In recent years, there has been great interest in providing time to the IEDs using the same infrastructure through which the data are communicated. Precision Time Protocol (PTP) is a promising technology...
This work describes the latest development in solar cell fabrication technology for enhancing its performance specifications such as efficiency, fill factor, multispectral operation… etc and its reflections on the power consumption and savings in the Egyptian electrical power networks in different regions, especially distant unserviced regions. Analytical results showed a great enhancement in electrical...
The oil and gas industry has a tremendous challenge in powering its remote and off-grid locations. Conventional power systems require large investments and complex projects to achieve a reliable and efficient power supply at those locations. Realizing this fact, Saudi Aramco has completed many solar panel PV system installations projects. The company is aiming to gain familiarity with different renewable...
Increase or decrease in the reactive power (VAR) load requirements on any bus leads to voltage fluctuations at that bus. Therefore, VAR flow control is very crucial for the integrity of power systems as it may lead to voltage instability or severe circulating current. The circulating current in the power systems will cause system stresses and will reduce the generator's capacity. Therefore, a quick...
The objective of this paper is to study the reliability aspects of a practical transmission system in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). This system consists of several 230 kV transmission lines as well as 380/230 kV transformers that feed a large load area. The system experienced several upgrades by adding/removing transmission lines and transformers. Each scenario offers a simulation of the reliability...
This paper presents a methodology and results of ranking renewable energy (RE) alternatives using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) based on several important criteria, for energy problem in an island in Oman. The unique aspect of this study is that the economic ranking of the RE alternatives is done analytically, using actual existing load and generation data, and, wind and solar data, for the selected...
In this paper, A powerful signal processing method wavelet transform is presented to detect power quality events among one of the Artificial intelligence techniques which is Artificial neural networks as a classification system. As a result of the increased applications of non-linear load, it becomes important to find accurate detecting method. Wavelet Transform represents an efficient signal processing...
Emerged Fossil-based fuels like coal, natural gas and petroleum provide about 85% of the developed world's energy[1]. The World Energy Resources 2013 indicates that around 82% of the total energy in the world is being supplied by fossil fuel[2]. All fossil fuel sources are being constantly depleting and can't be replaced within any practical timespan. The estimates mentioned in Table I below provide...
Malware protection is a necessity for any electric device in modern critical infrastructure. We must all protect our critical cyber assets with antivirus as North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) CIP-007 R4 states, but more broadly, we must protect our assets from malicious code infection regardless of whether they are identified as critical assets or not. Embedded devices and traditional...
In all power sectors around the world the issue of balancing revenues with costs is one of the key elements for the markets' efficiency management and success. When an imbalance of these two parameters occur a financial gap will emerge as a tariff deficit and can generate deep revision of the sector regulation together with impacts on the financial performance of energy companies. AF Mercados is advising...
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