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No single sensor can independently predict the 3-D environment around us. A vision sensor helps locate objects in a 2-D plane. However, estimating distance using one vision sensor has a limitation. A single radar sensor returns the range of objects accurately; however, the complexity and cost increase if good spatial resolution is required. Thus a radar does not indicate which range corresponds to...
In this paper, we develop a new space-time adaptive processing (STAP) technique for bistatic passive radar by exploiting clutter sparsity so as to enable effective clutter suppression with a small set of data samples. The Bayesian compressive sensing (BCS) technique is utilized for sparse clutter reconstruction, and the persymmetry property of the STAP processor is used to cast the complex sparse...
The analysis of the effects on the radiation pattern of the manufacturing tolerances of the control points (i.e., amplitude and phase weights) of antenna arrays is addressed. A strategy based on Interval Analysis (IA) is exploited to analytically compute upper and lower bounds of the power pattern as a function of the maximum deviations of the control point values from the nominal/reference ones....
In this paper, we develop a range Doppler algorithm (RDA) for the tandem bistatic synthetic aperture radar (BiSAR) configuration. The key step is to use an analytical tandem bistatic spectrum. The proposed algorithm is able to handle reasonably high squint by compensating secondary range compression in the two-dimensional wavenumber domain, and is more robust to focus bistatic data compared with Neo's...
The construction and testing of a MIMO radar for target imaging are presented. Two distinct radar systems are combined in order to form a four-channel platform with operation validated through a series of stationary target measurements. These are conducted using both time-diverse and waveform-diverse channel separation methods, and imaging results from each are compared to evaluate the performance...
Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) with multiple transmit and receive channels (MIMO-SAR) has a higher flexibility and an improved efficiency compared to a conventional SAR system with a single channel. The multiple receive channels can be used, among other things, to increase the swath width at constant azimuth resolution or to suppress spatial interferences. However, multiple transmit channels, which...
The field of Compressive Sampling (CS) has seen much development and growth in the past decade. It has successfully been applied in various fields related to radar, especially in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the frailties associated with the Normalized Root Mean Square Error (NRMSE) and Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM) [1] metrics in conveying...
The paper considers Doppler and microDoppler radar signature estimations in the presence of missing samples using time-frequency distributions. Incomplete or random sampled data can be due to ranging and localization enhancements, discarding noisy measurements, hardware simplification, sampling rate limitations, or logistical restrictions on data collections and acquisition. We demonstrate that the...
This paper discusses an advancement in indoor navigation and target detection due to novel ultra-wideband (UWB) radar configuration and signal processing. We present the method of autonomous doorway identification and parameter estimation along with experimental data obtained using UWB OFDM software-defined radar. Simultaneous detection is carried out using return profiles of expected scenes in frequency...
Target detection is one of important roles of radar systems. In this paper, we present a threshold method for multiple target detection for of noise radar systems. In order to avoid ambiguous target detection, we find thresholds to guarantee the detection performance with the same receiving antenna elements for a given false alarm probability. The threshold is computed from the largest and smallest...
With the rapidly growing use of commercial Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), integrating civilian UAVs into the controlled airspace seems inevitable. We investigate the problem of associating correct labels to different radar tracks, specifically to distinguish UAV tracks among others (such as aircraft and birds). To this end, three plausible civilian applications involving UAVs are proposed and studied...
This paper combines relevant metrics (signal to noise ratio, ambiguity function integrated sidelobes, effective multistatic resolution area, and contrast ratio) in a multi-objective optimization to select subsets of available emitters for passive multistatic synthetic aperture radar (SAR). Assumed limitations in the number of available receiver channels constrain the optimization to select the best...
The problem of array measurement and calibration is addressed for the case in which the axes of rotation used during the measurement process are offset via a rotation and translation from the coordinate system that defines angle of arrival. A method for estimating the translation and rotation parameters from the measured data is presented, and the estimation/correction procedure is demonstrated on...
Robust adaptive beamforming algorithms with fully automatic diagonal level computation are desired but scarce in the literature. We note that the an imaginary-valued diagonal loading level well approximates but differs from its real-valued counterpart in terms of output signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), and an estimate of the optimal diagonal loading level can be found by the highest...
In this paper, a new closed-form expression for a common STAP performance metric (i.e., SINR Loss) is derived in terms of system parameters of interest. It is shown that this new relationship can be manipulated into new expressions for STAP Minimum Detectable Velocity (MDV) and STAP “aperture-limited” performance. These new developments are significant as they provide the first derivations that unify...
This research deals with quantifying the benefits of using the novel Sum Normalized Range Profile (SNRP) over prior art for 1-d feature extraction based classification of maritime vessels. For a fair comparison, classification and feature extraction techniques are maintained the same, for each range profile input. While utilizing SNRP inputs, the automated target recognition engine results indicate...
Scattering features extracted via complex Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) are used for radar target recognition. EMD, which is associated with the Hilbert-Huang transform, can be used to extract inherent oscillations known as Implicit Mode Functions (IMFs) from a radar backscatter. These IMFs can be associated with the locations of the target scattering centers, and consequently with the target...
This paper considers moving target detection for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar in compound-Gaussian clutter. A new detector is devised according to a centralized processing scheme for MIMO radar system based on the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) design criterion. Then, an adaptive version of the derived detector is investigated. The fixed point estimation (FPE) strategy is...
Micro-Doppler (m-D) signature based target classification methods have received the intensive attention from the radar automatic target recognition (RATR) community. Since the m-D signals of a coning target with micro-motion are always multicomponent, it is important to separate these m-D frequency components for feature extraction and parameter estimation. This paper develops a separation algorithm...
A wideband harmonic radar for tracking very small wood frogs in a high clutter environment is described. The one watt peak power radar transmitted in the 5.8 GHz ISM band and received in the 12 GHz satellite TV band. By transmitting a 150 MHz bandwidth linear frequency modulated waveform and exploiting the frequency doubling property of the harmonic tag to increase the bandwidth to 300 MHz, a range...
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