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Research over the last decade has shown that brain-computer interfaces (BCI) based on electroencephalography (EEG) can provide an alternative input paradigm for both clinical and healthy populations. Currently, the majority of BCI paradigms rely on a limited number of brain potentials; thus there remain many EEG signals to be explored for BCI applications. One such signal is the N2pc event-related...
This paper developed a parallel-BCI speller system, consisting of four simultaneously presented sub-spellers, where the sub-speller switching and character selection were simultaneously identified through decoding the dominant frequency of steady-state visual-evoked potential (SSVEP) and the time of P300 occurrence in a parallel mode. Five subjects took part in the offline and online experiments....
Next generation miniaturized bioelectronic implants will require improved hermetic packaging technology to achieve the system requirements for treating complex neurological conditions. We describe herein three key advances towards enabling chip-scale packaging for bioelectronic implants. First, we demonstrate multilayer, multi-material films that have improved barrier properties to contaminating ions...
A low-cost wireless surface EMG acquisition system has been designed for general purpose human-machine interaction. The system includes disposable surface EMG sensor, wireless communication module and signal analysis unit. The system has four simultaneous recording channels with the resolution of micro volt and wireless communication distance ranges 15 meters. A new pattern extraction algorithm has...
Corticomuscular coherence between human cortical rhythms and surface electromyography (sEMG) is commonly observed within the beta (13–35 Hz) and gamma (35–60 Hz) band frequency ranges, but is typically absent within the alpha band (8–12 Hz) in healthy subjects. A recent study has shown that significant alpha band corticomuscular coherence can be mechanically induced in healthy subjects using a spring...
This study introduces a novel data-driven approach for constructing large-scale functional brain networks. These networks are constructed by converting raw functional magnetic resonance imaging data into graphs using independent components analysis (ICA). Empirical evaluations were performed using data collected from three sites, which are part of a pediatric epilepsy consortium. The test data contained...
Several experimental results published in the literature showed that weak pulsed magnetic fields affected the response of the central nervous system. However, the specific biological mechanisms that regulate the observed behaviors are still unclear and further scientific investigation is required. In this work we performed simulations on neuronal models exposed to a specific pulsed magnetic field...
Extracellular action potentials (EAPs) must be classified before they can yield any useful information on neuronal function and organization. Neuronal source classification therefore represents a critical step in the analysis of electrophysiological data. This study demonstrates the efficacy of a multi-sensor EAP classification scheme using source location as a classification feature. Localization...
Techniques for fast two photon laser scanning microscopy (2PLSM) of dynamic neural signals offer the prospect of minimally invasive functional mapping of neural circuitry. In a typical imaging scenario, a two-photon point spread function is raster scanned across a region of tissue, and pixels within regions of interest (e.g neuronal somata) are averaged to form a point in a time series. In galvanometric...
Stiffening strategy is a posture strategy to maintain a desired position of the body. This strategy is generated by the Central Nervous System (CNS), which creates muscle forces around a specific joint; and thus, affects joint movement. In this study, stiffening strategy at the ankle and hip joints of five young healthy subjects was observed based on joint sway. Based on stiffness pattern, both joints...
The recurrent migraine attacks between interictal phenomenon is triggered by the migraineurs' brain lacking for habituation, due to the stimulations from the outside world that increase the excitability of brain activity, which have been considered as the possible reasons for migraine seizure. The variation of habituation level within the migraine cycle is proposed to be a critical symptom to describe...
Physiological-based emotion identification systems may offer an alternative means of expressing emotions, particularly, for adults and youth with severe motor disabilities who may have little or no voluntary muscle control. The current study investigated inclusion of autonomic nervous system activity in combination with central nervous system activity in the form of a multi-modal emotion identification...
Microelectrode arrays can acquire neural signals in parallel from multiple channels. Spike sorting has emerged as one of the most significant challenges in multichannel systems. An ideal spike sorting system must be implantable, unsupervised, online and scalable to hundreds of channels. This paper proposes a novel hardware architecture for on-chip and unsupervised neural spike sorting with Teager...
Future brain-computer interfaces will benefit from technologies that enable efficient, reliable and high-speed transmission of multichannel neural data. As one approach, we present a miniature multichannel neural recording device that utilizes infrared (IR) fiber optics for dual purpose of powering active electronic circuits in the compact head-mounted module and extracting of broadband multichannel...
The main goal of a BCI system is to create a communication channel independent of muscles' activation. This is accomplished by recognizing specific mental states and using their detection to trigger actions in a computer controlled environment. To achieve such goal it is necessary to record brain activity, typically through EEG, and then process the recorded signal to compute features allowing the...
The effects of age and gender on EEG signal have been investigated in clinical psychophysiology. However extracting age and gender information from EEG data has not been addressed. This information is useful in building automatic systems that can classify a person in to gender or age groups based on EEG characteristics of that person, index EEG data for searching, identify or verify a person, and...
This paper presents the design and implementation of a signal simulator that emulates event-related human electrocorticographic (ECoG) signals. This realtime simulator renders a representative model of human ECoG encompassing prominent physiological modulation in the time domain (e.g., event-related potentials, or ERPs) and the frequency domain (e.g., alpha/mu, beta, and high gamma band). The simulated...
Increased demands for applications of brain computer interface (BCI) have led to growing attention towards their more practical paradigm design. BCIs can provide motor control for spinal cord injured patients. BCIs based on motor imagery (MI) and steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEP) tasks are two well-established tasks that have been studied extensively. These two tasks can be combined in...
The Haptic Knob (HK) is a robotic device that enables subjects to open or close their hands, or rotate their forearms for stroke rehabilitation. The present HK uses force sensors to measure the force applied by the subject, which provides an indirect force measurement with high development cost. In this paper, we propose a novel method to detect the grasping force applied directly on the haptic knob...
The ability to selectively deposit platinum black (PtB) on iridium microelectrodes and functionalize the surface for the purposes of choline sensing was investigated in this study. Platinum black was deposited by cycling 100–200 times between 0.5 V and −0.7 V in a solution of 1 mM K2PtCl6 in 0.1 M KCl. Deposition of PtB showed good chemical stability as well as good adhesion following insertion into...
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