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Neonatal spells are cardiorespiratory events that occur in newborn infants with variable combinations of cessation of breathing, decrease in blood oxygen saturation and decrease in heart rate. A system using real-time temporal analysis of physiological data streams to accurately detect pauses in breathing together with changes in heart rate and blood oxygen saturation is described. The system uses...
Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a non-invasive optical technique used in detecting blood volume changes in vascular tissue. In recent years, photoplethysmography has generated renewed interest among researchers, particularly due to its potential for widespread clinical applications beyond estimating heart rate and arterial oxygen saturation. Progress in these areas of research is dependent on PPG systems...
Many advantages of microwave ablation over the other ablative therapies in the field of liver tumor ablation have driven researchers to develop innovative interstitial microwave antennas to effectively treat deep seated, nonresectable hepatic tumors. A new coaxial antenna for microwave ablation therapies has been proposed in this research paper. Two dimensional axisymmetric Finite Element Method (FEM)...
We present an LED light source for use with standard clinical endoscopes to enable visualization of tissues labeled with quantum dots (QDs). QD-assisted endoscopy may improve the outcome of surgical endoscopic procedures by identifying specific tissue types. QDs offer several advantages over current fluorescent stains due to their high target selectivity, long-lasting fluorescence, large excitation...
The miniaturization of ultrasound technology provides an opportunity to utilize imaging in new point-of-care settings. The goal of this study was to investigate the feasibility of a universal serial bus (USB) based ultrasound transducer for dynamic imaging of the muscle function during gait. Axial strain of the rectus femoris muscle was measured during gait using the portable USB probe and compared...
Listening to the heart sounds is a common practice in identifying cardiac malfunctions. Since this method has many limitations, tools that aid physicians in their diagnosis of heart diseases are very useful. This paper presents a software tool to predict cardiac abnormalities which can be identified using heart sounds. Both heart sound information and symptoms are used in disease prediction. First...
TB and Lung cancer are major ailments of the lung. Patients with lung cancer are often misdiagnosed as pulmonary tuberculosis leading to delay in the correct diagnosis as well as exposure to inappropriate medication. The diagnosis of tuberculosis and lung cancer is difficult, as symptoms of both diseases are similar. Due to high TB prevalence and radiological similarities, a large number of lung cancer...
The main purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the capability to optimize the design of a previously developed prototype of instrumented knee implant. The proposed implant may postoperatively provide the clinician with significant information about the coronal and sagittal instabilities during normal walking without the need to be powered from an external source of electrical energy. The possibility...
Current gold standard sleep study systems that record several biophysical parameters during sleep are bulky and are typically located in a medical facility where patient monitoring becomes costly and inefficient. Home-based portable systems solve these problems but are highly inadequate as they record minimal number of biophysical channels due to limited battery life. A survey conducted in the medical...
A wirelessly controlled magnetic microrobot has been proposed to diagnose and treat pathologies in the posterior segment of the human eye. The robot consists of a magnetic CoNi platform with a conformal coating of functional polymers. Electrodeposition has been the preferred method to fabricate and to functionalize the microrobot. Poly(pyrrole), a widely studied intrinsically conductive polymer has...
Automated chromosome classification is an essential task in cytogenetics. The genetic disorders and abnormalities that occur to the future generation can be predicted through analysing the various characteristics of the chromosomes. The chromosome classification is mainly based on geometric and morphological features. An effective algorithm for chromosome geometric feature extraction is presented...
Diabetic foot ulcers have an enormous human cost when more than 250 million people are diagnosed with diabetes worldwide. In the etiology of foot ulcers in diabetic patients, it is generally agreed that non-mechanical factors such as peripheral neuropathy, dry skin, and/or vascular problems are often major contributing causes for skin ulceration. That, combined with the absence of “early warning”...
Plantar sensory neuropathy (PSN) affects a large proportion of individuals suffering from type 2 diabetes. In order to avoid ulceration or other damage to patients' feet regular testing and assessment of PSN needs to be undertaken. Currently, the standard test involves a trained podiatrist visiting the patient and testing their feet manually with a simple hand-held nylon monofilament probe. This process...
Upper limb rehabilitation concentrates on restoring the operations of arms, hands and fingers. This integrated measuring device is in the form of a glove which records the force exerted for fine motor activities and hence indicates to the physiotherapist who guides the patient to regulate the force as per the need and thus avoid applying unwanted strain. Though this device has not yet been fabricated...
We developed a mobile ward round system based on openEHR for the use on smartphones and tablet computers using the Android platform which integrates and uses NFC to explore new ways of computer interaction, data processing and workflows in the medical world. Based on the automatic patient identification via NFC using the mobile device, physicians can easily view recent ward round results and edit/add...
This paper proposes a HTML5 powered web ECG management system for telecardiology applications. A typical tele-ECG use case where General practitioner (GPs)/technicians wanting to consult their patient's ECG with a cardiologist, is realized using the proposed web application. It enables the GPs/technicians to share XML ECG of their patients with cardiologist in remote location and obtain his/her interpretations...
Buruli ulcer (BU) disease is a devastating flesh-eating bacterial infection that each year affects thousands of people, but if detected early, it can be easily treated and cured. During the past several years, we have been developing an automated dermoscopy system for accurate analysis of skin lesions. In this paper, we describe our experience with BU detection in West Africa, and we focus on the...
One of the main challenges in implementing an optimal home-based exercise program in older adults and individuals with cardiovascular conditions is the requirement to ensure exercise safety and prevention of any undesirable side effects. A crucial component to achieve this requirement is the ability to monitor blood pressure (BP) during exercise. The goal of this project was to introduce and to test...
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