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Ship detection is an important application of global monitoring of ocean environment and maritime traffic. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems are active sensors offering unique good spatial resolution regardless of weather or other conditions. It has been widely used for ship detection. An improved ship detection for high resolution SAR images based on the ship feature confidence is proposed in...
Snow profile measurements in traditional way are time-consuming work. The excavation of a snow-pit, collecting measurements with several different instruments and writing a log of these values limits the amount of profiles that can be measured. The instrument concept presented here provides data with high vertical resolution without snow-pit excavations and very little disturbance to the natural state...
Time series of dual-polarized COSMO-SkyMed (CSK) images are exploited for detection of seasonal snow cover in Alpine areas. For the first time a complete time series of CSK images acquired during snow fall and melt period in winter 2010–2011 is addressed to verify the snow cover mapping capabilities of X-band radar images under different conditions (from dry to wet snow). The algorithm for snow detection...
The Emerald Ash Borer (Agrilus planipennis, EAB) is one of the most destructive insects damaging all Ash species of the genus Fraxinus in Ontario, Canada. It is crucial to detect the EAB invasion as early as possible to allow possible treatments and reduce economic loss. The challenge is that there are limited symptoms indicating EAB infestation due to this pest's cryptic life stage. The current detection...
Current methods for accurately estimating vegetation biomass with remote sensing data require extensive, representative and time consuming field measurements to calibrate the sensor signal. In addition, such techniques focus on the topmost vegetation canopy and thus they are of little use over multi-layered forest ecosystems where the underneath strata hold considerable amounts of biomass. This work...
In the European Union (EU) there is a legal obligation for EU Member States to report every 6 years on conservation status and trends of species and habitats of European importance, through the Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC) and the Birds Directive (79/409/EEC), following standardized assessments of conservation status and implementing monitoring schemes to show trends in status between the six-year...
A holistic methodology combining conventional diagnostic investigations and kinematic analysis performed on 3D laser scanning survey is here proposed for rockfall hazard assessment and erosion patterns study, to map critical sectors and evaluate potential impacts on the conservation of cultural heritage sites built on unstable rock masses. Experiments carried out on the fortifications of Citadel,...
There has been recent developments in the use of hyper-temporal satellite time series data for land cover change detection and classification. Recently, an Autocorrelation function (ACF) change detection method was proposed to detect the development of new human settlements in South Africa. In this paper, an extension to this change detection method is proposed that produces an estimate of the change...
The APEX system is fully operational since 2011 and ready to provide well-calibrated data as standard processing output of the APEX PAF and the VITO CDPC to the user community. We sincerely hope that the freely available APEX Open Science Data Set will assist the community in gaining insights into the huge potential of APEX and help in assessing its applicability to specific domains of spectroscopy...
Aim of this paper is to show how fusing SAR images having different characteristics can improve the classification accuracy, in spite of the geometrical problems rising in the fusion operation. To this end, we fused multiple-frequency (Cand X-band), multiple-polarization (HH, HV, VH and VV) and multi-resolution images. The classification has been carried out by a neural network algorithm (NN), in...
PhenoSat is an experimental software tool that extracts phenological information from satellite vegetation index time-series. Temporal satellite NDVI data provided by VEGETATION sensor from three different vegetation types (Vineyard, Closed Deciduous Forest and Deciduous Shrubland with Sparse Trees) and for different geographical locations were used to test the ability of the software in extracting...
This paper defines a new operator, named Ds, for local texture stationarity assessment on SAR images‥ The aim is to discriminate heterogeneous targets from land cover types of high normalized variance values, as those observed in flooded vegetation areas of DoÑana wetlands. Suitable Ds thresholds for such discrimination were estimated for different window sizes through Monte Carlo simulations of synthetic...
This article presents some results from the snow surface roughness measurements that were made during the Snow Reflectance Transition Experiment -campaign in Sodankylä, Finnish Lapland, in 2009 and 2010. The surface roughness was measured with a photogrammetry-based method where a black plate was inserted into the snow and photographed. After field work a 2D profile was automatically extracted from...
In the context of the European Union Framework Program 7 EUMETSAT participates in the ERA-CLIM project. One of EUMETST's contributions is the reprocessing of all METOP-A AVHRR polar winds back to the year 2007. At EUMETSAT two algorithms for the retrieval of Atmospheric Motion Vectors (AMVs) are available. Both algorithms will be used and the two data sets will give a unique opportunity to investigate...
CO2 Enhanced Coal Bed Methane (ECBM) has been considered as one of the promising clean coal technologies to reduce green house gas emissions. Australia and China have begun a demonstrational project to explore the potential of ECBM in the gas/coal fields in Shanxi Province, China. A total of 12 ALOS PALSAR images and 354 SPOT VGT-S10 images have been successfully used to establish baseline information...
The detection of different vegetation classes especially in the context of biological diversity is one of the most frequently addressed topics in remote sensing studies. With the increasing availability of multi-temporal remote sensing information at high spatial resolution from Sensors such as RapidEye or future Sentinel-2, the phenological variability of vegetation classes can be exploited in more...
The application of pesticides and fertilizers in agricultural areas is of prime importance for crop yields. The use of aircrafts is becoming increasingly common in carrying out this task mainly because of its speed and effectiveness in the spraying operation. However, some factors may reduce the yield, or even cause damage (e.g. crop areas not covered in the spraying process, overlapping spraying...
The F-SAR airborne SAR instrument represents the successor of the E-SAR system of the German Aerospace Center (DLR), which had previously been extensively used over the last three decades. Its development was triggered by the current demand for simultaneous acquisitions at different wavelengths and polarisations as well as by the demand for very high resolution in the order of decimetres. F-SAR is...
A miniaturised millimetre wave radar, MIRANDA, to be used as Synthetic Aperture Radar onboard a small UAV was designed, built and tested onboard of an unmanned helicopter. The design followed the FM-CW principle, to get the highest possible average transmit power and thus the best range performance. The experiments described here were conducted at a centre frequency of 94 GHz. An inertial system of...
The Mini-RF and Mini-SAR instruments are the first compact polarimetric space-based imaging radars. Their architecture is hybrid-polarimetric, transmitting (quasi-) circular polarization, and receiving orthogonal linear polarizations and their relative phase. The four Stokes parameters that are necessary and sufficient to fully characterize the observed backscattered EM field are calculated from the...
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