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In this work we present a double modified internal gate (MIG) pixel structure, fabricated in a slightly modified 0.35 mum CMOS process, to be effectively used in, e.g. low-level irradiance fluorescent imaging applications. The pixel structure enables a non-destructive readout, which facilitates a constant monitoring of the molecule fluorescence process. The readout is based on signal averaging and...
In this paper, a novel circuit referred to as complex Gm-C sampler that can be used for sub-sampling IF signals is presented. The circuit employs a conventional cross-coupled Gm-C filter structure with a built-in sampler to combine the functions of complex anti-alias filtering and baseband downconversion by sampling in a single circuit block. The filter response of the individual Gm-C samplers can...
This paper proposes a technique to reduce capacitance spread in switched-capacitor filters. The proposed technique is based on a simple charge distribution and a partial charge transfer techniques, and is applicable to various integrator topologies. Simulation results show that the proposed technique reduces the total capacitance by 70%, which is a significant reduction of filter area. Furthermore,...
Hybrid Filter Banks (HFB) A/D converters (ADC) are attractive to software-defined radio application, however their high sensitivity to analog imperfections is still a bottleneck for their realization. In this paper, adaptive equalization is applied for calibrating a subband HFB ADC. Thus, the synthesis filter coefficients are iteratively adjusted for compensating the mismatches between the analog...
In this paper, a synthesis algorithm for cascaded lossless commensurate lines is summarized. The algorithm is based on transfer matrix factorization. Firstly the characteristic impedance of the extracted element is calculated and then after extracting the element, the reflection factor of the remaining network is calculated. This process is repeated until the termination resistance is reached. An...
In this paper, a general description of digital ADC calibration approaches in current state-of-the-art is presented, with particular emphasis in Pipeline converters. The study performs a classification of the existing techniques considering two basic aspects: a) the principle of operation and the particular errors which can be compensated after calibration, b) the process from which a measurement...
Artificial neural networks (ANN) have emerged as a powerful technique for modeling. Since the embedding knowledge in ANN models is possible by the knowledge based ANN (KBANN) methods, more accurate results than classical ANN approach can be obtained with KBANN. Source difference (SD), prior knowledge input (PKI) and prior knowledge input with difference (PKI-D) are several methods to be mentioned...
This paper presents the design of a vertically-integrated image sensor/processor device, implemented in a fully stacked 3-layer three-dimensional (3D) silicon on insulator (SOI) 150nm CMOS technology. This prototype 'vision chip' contains a 32 times 32 pixel-parallel processor array. Three silicon layers contain current-mode image sensors, current-mode analogue circuits and digital logic circuits,...
This paper describes a 1-D Focal Plane Processor incorporating 200 pixels for Continuous-Time Optical Correlation Applications. Each pixel incorporates a 2 mm times 10.9 mum photodiode whose current is scaled, at the pixel level, by 5 independent 3-bit programmable-gain current amplifiers. Correlation patterns, defined as 5 sets of 200 3-bits numbers, are communicated to the chip via a standard I2...
Fixed-point VLSI architecture for 2-Dimensional Kurtotic FastICA with reduced and optimized arithmetic units, is proposed. This reduction is achieved through the removal of the dividers for eigenvector computation and replacing the dividers in the Whitening block of the architecture by multipliers. In addition, the number of multipliers required in the Whitening block is further reduced by exploiting...
In this paper a novel topology for implementing of active multiplexers and demultiplexers is introduced. This new method is devised based on distributed amplifiers and has unique specifications such as providing possibility of determining gains separately, easy to integrate with other RF devices and small size. In this paper after brief reviewing of distributed amplifiers, we will introduce the proposed...
Using of chirp-type excitations for the fast broadband measurement and estimation of the complex bioimpedance is discussed in this paper. The proposed method includes cross-correlation of the excitation (reference) and response signals with a subsequent Fourier analysis of the obtained correlation function. It is shown that the phase response can be especially convenient for estimating of the state...
In this paper a new low-voltage class-AB operational transconductance amplifier is presented. The circuit employs floating gate MOS (FG-MOS) transistors operating in saturated strong inversion. The converter features low circuit complexity, adjustably, low supply voltage (0.7 V), low power (<10 uW), two quadrant input current, wide dynamic range and immunity from body effect. Simulation results...
The aim of this paper is to apply an approach that will allow us to consider different mechanical modes of a MEMS cantilever in the form of separate mass-spring-damper equations with the appropriate form of an external driving. In the paper, we focus on a specific MEMS cantilever and use a pulsed digital oscillator (PDO) to keep self-sustained oscillations of the mechanical structure. By applying...
Although accessible pedestrian signals are more and more frequent at crosswalks in busy intersections, visually impaired people will not be able to get about independently until the infrastructure reaches full coverage on the routes they are using. In this paper, we present algorithms to detect and recognize pedestrian crosswalks developed in the framework of the research to create a Bionic Eyeglass,...
We present a nonlinear approach based on the perturbation theory to analyze the synchronized oscillations in circuits made up of two coupled LC differential oscillators (LC-VCO), widely used in RF systems to generate quadrature oscillations. Closed-form expressions are derived to predict the amplitude and phase of oscillations and their orbital stability. The capabilities of the method are also briefly...
The paper presents a new variation based image denoising method by using Cellular Neural Networks (CNN). Our proposed method offers better efficiency in terms of image denoising and edge preservation, comparing to other previous CNN methods based on variational model.
This paper presents an implementation of locally adaptive image sensing with the MIPA4k image processor array. The implemented adaptive sensor circuitry allows the extraction of image detail in the presence of large dynamic intra-scene lighting variations. The implemented circuit method is based on the use of nonlinear resistive network filtering during image integration for controlling the pixel...
A high-frequency wavelet filter which employs Gm-C blocks based on leap-frog (LF) multiple-loop feedback (MLF) structure is presented. The proposed method is well suitable for high-quality high-frequency operation since the Gm-C based filter can achieve high frequency, whilst LF MLF configuration has the characteristics of lower magnitude sensitivity and capability of realizing arbitrary rational...
Conventional approach to linearity testing of ADCs requires a signal generator that is more linear than the device under test (DUT). Recently introduced ADC testing algorithms dramatically relax the linearity requirements on the signal generator in exchange for maintaining a known functional relationship between two unknown nonlinear test signals. Simple signal generators that can be used to generate...
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