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The interacting multiple model filter has long been the preferred method to handle multiple models in target tracking. The filter finds a suboptimal solution to a problem, which implicitly assumes that immediate model shifts have the highest probability. We argue that this model-shift property does not capture the typical nature of maneuvering targets, namely that changes in target dynamics persist...
In this paper, first an enhanced neuro-fuzzy method for modeling nonlinear system is presented In this method we use EM algorithm for identification of local models, which gain us model mismatch covariance. The achieved model can be stated in state space model as a linear time-varying system. As the noise and model mismatch covariance is known, Kalman filter can be easily used for centralized estimation...
Underwater passive acoustic target tracking is challenging in littoral environments. One way to mitigate the difficulties is to add non-acoustic sensors and use data fusion. The topic of this paper is how to evaluate, in an objective way, the performance of data fusion in this application. Different performance measures are discussed. The performance measures are applied on data from a trial where...
In this paper we show that causal probabilistic models can facilitate the design of robust and flexible fusion systems. Observed events resulting from stochastic causal processes can be modeled with the help of causal Bayesian networks, mathematically rigorous and compact probabilistic causal models. Bayesian networks explicitly represent conditional independence which facilitates decentralized modeling...
In this work, we consider a relatively new representation used in cognitive theory to describe how people understand concepts. This representation is called conceptual spaces, and is a geometrical way to represent human thought. Our work relates conceptual spaces to data fusion, first at level 1, and later to be extended to level 2 (as defined by JDL [1]). In this paper, we focus on modeling these...
The state transition data fusion (STDF) model is an extension of the dominant sensor fusion paradigm to provide a unification of both sensor and higher-level fusion. Maritime domain awareness (MDA) is the problem of situation awareness in the maritime domain. This paper outlines an application of the STDF model to perform automated situation assessments for an aspect of MDA.
This paper presents a methodology and supporting fusion algorithm for efficient, sequential, and optimal generation of a ground control network from image block adjustments over an area of interest. Image blocks contain overlapping images (ground footprints) generated from airborne and space-borne sensors, and measurements of ground points in those images. Image block adjustments are ubiquitous in...
This work is concerned with the design of sensor fusion methods using the fault-tolerant interval functions proposed by K. Marzullo and U. Schmid. A trade-off exists between the precision of the interval functions and their tolerance to invalid input intervals. The study shows how the performances of the interval functions in terms of expected length and variance can be estimated from their asymptotic...
In this paper, we consider a parallel distributed detection network consisting of a fusion center and N sensors. We assume that the observations at different sensors are conditionally dependent, and optimize the system performance under the Neyman- Pearson criterion. Unlike previous papers dealing with the optimal N-P detection problem, we allow the sensor decision rules to be randomized, and obtain...
The wavelet-based contourlet transform (WBCT) is a new directional transform. This transform uses the wavelet transform and the directional filter bank (DFB) to obtain a multiscale and multidirection decomposition of image. The wavelet transform and the DFB are non-redundant and perfect reconstruction. So the WBCT can be regarded as a non-redundant version of the contourlet transform. A new image...
The international defense and security community is moving ahead at flank speed to realize the vision of network centric warfare (NCW; aka network-enabled capability (NEC) and etc). Extensive efforts are being put forth to define, design, and develop many of the technical components of such a capability, to include varieties of networked communications systems, various highly-capable military platforms,...
In today's fast paced military operational environment, vast amounts of information must be sorted out and fused not only to allow commanders to make situation assessments, but also to support the generation of hypotheses about enemy force disposition and enemy intent. An automation methodology and support tools are required to allow commanders to model and assess dynamic situations such as the behavior...
This paper presents the method for the detection and localization of moving targets in passive infrared (PIR) sensor networks in both indoor and outdoor settings. It reports our design and implementation of PIR sensor network, especially, we proposed a detection algorithm, which uses adaptive threshold with constant false alarm rate; and developed a localization algorithm using direction search in...
A physical activity monitoring system by data fusion in body sensor networks is presented in this paper, which targets at providing body status information in real time and identifying body activities. By fusion of data collected from several accelerometer sensors placed on different parts of the body, the activities can be identified and tracked Mathematical approaches employed in the system include...
This paper presents a decentralized approach to path planning for large numbers of autonomous vehicles in sparse environments. Unlike existing approaches, which are either computationally expensive or communication intensive, the presented approach allows large numbers of vehicles to plan independently with low communication overhead. The key to the algorithm is to observe that, in sparse environments,...
Color night vision techniques play a very important role in the night vision field. How to evaluate the perceptual quality of the color night vision image is a great need to assess the performance of algorithms in this technology. Currently, people usually judge the performance of color night vision techniques using subjective evaluation measures, which is time consuming and bothersome. This paper...
Contributions from the information fusion community have enabled comprehensible traces of intrusion alerts occurring on computer networks. Traced or tracked cyber attacks are the bases for threat projection in this work. Due to its complexity, we separate threat projection into two sub-tasks: predicting likely next targets and predicting attacker behavior. A virtual cyber terrain is proposed for identifying...
In this paper, a goal-driven net-enabled distributed data fusion system is described for CanCoastWatch (CCW) project. Multiple sensors are deployed and managed to achieve the goals of situation assessment using a net-enabled architecture. The local tracks reported by multiple sensors are first integrated into global tracks. Decision making is then performed on basic sub-goals that can be directly...
Given an area where an unknown number of unaccounted radioactive sources potentially exist, and using gamma- radiation count measurements collected at known locations within this area, the problem is to estimate the number of sources as well as their locations and intensities. Two approaches are investigated. The first is based on the maximum likelihood estimation and the generalised maximum likelihood...
A method is proposed for converting a novelty measure such as produced by one-class SVMs or Kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) into a belief function on a well- defined frame of discernment. This makes it possible to combine one-class classification or novelty detection methods with other information expressed in the same framework such as expert opinions or multi-class classifiers.
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