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Our aim in this research work is to propose a methodology on receiving antenna height scan in the fully anechoic room (FAR) to minimize uncertainty in obtaining maximum emission of equipments under test (EUT) that have multilobe radiation patterns at higher frequencies. An EUT with complex slots is measured. The radiation emission for five antenna heights from 1 m to 1.8 m with a 0.2 m increment are...
The main objective of the International Electro technical Commission (IEC) immunity series testing is to establish a common and reproducible basis for evaluating the performance of electrical and electronic equipment when subjected to electromagnetic disturbances. Even though IEC immunity standards do mention about power cables, they primarily refer to the alternating current (AC) cable. There is...
This paper presents the field uniformity characteristics of a triangular reverberation chamber which can be substituted for an open area test site or an anechoic chamber to measure EMI and EMS. Three kinds of equilateral triangular reverberation chambers with the same volume are designed, and field distributions are simulated. Field deviations of each structure using XFDTD 5, 3 of FDTD (finite difference...
Power/ground plane structure is widely used for power distribution purposes in multi-layer printed circuit board (PCB) design. The characteristic of board cavity may cause signal resonance at some frequencies and can lead to signal integrity (SI) and electromagnetic interference (EMI) concerns. An efficient method to extract the equivalent circuit of the power bus is proposed in this paper. With extracted...
In this paper the impact of lumped elements connected asymmetrically to rectangular PCB power-bus structures is investigated and a double summation expression for the resulting impedance is derived. Further, the double summation expression is reduced to a single summation expression by using a summation formula of a Fourier series. The analytical results show good agreement with measurements
Differential transmission lines are increasingly employed to carry very high data rates in serial communications in printed circuit boards (PCBs). This paper provides an overview of a number of signal integrity (SI) and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) problems with differential lines in PCBs. It also describes design techniques that can help achieve good SI and EMC
The application of flat flexible cables (FFCs) for data transmission in cars is investigated. Measurements and simulations of commercial unshielded FFCs indicate possible signal integrity problems for the transmission of high data rates. Newly designed shielded FFCs were fabricated in a cost effective extruding process with different dielectrics and various shielding concepts. They were characterized...
The noise voltage in the reference or ground of a printed circuit board is often the cause of unwanted radiated emission. Power supply planes attribute to the noise voltage. By replacing the power supply planes by tracks, the noise voltage in the reference or ground can be reduced, which leads to a considerable reduction of the radiated electromagnetic fields. A potential disadvantage of using power...
The crosstalk between bent transmission lines and the effects of metal filled via hole fence on alleviating the crosstalk are investigated. To analyze the crosstalk, the circuit concept approach for transmission line sections and impedance modeling for via hole sections are used. All sections are represented by ABCD matrices and then cascaded. Crosstalk reduction by metal filled via hole fence is...
Intentional electromagnetic interference (EMI) is an emerging threat and a new electromagnetic environment that has to be considered in the mitigation of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) problems. This paper presents an attempt to estimate the upper limitations of intentional EMI systems based on high power microwave (HPM) devices. The estimate includes the properties of the electromagnetic wave...
In this paper the Preisach model is used to simulate the magnetic hysteresis. The model is able to represent the hysteresis property of the ferromagnetic material if its distribution function P(HM,HC) is well determined. Three distributions, Gaussian, Cauchy and lognormal, are combined to produce different distribution functions and to simulate the hysteresis loops. The influence of the parameters...
A set of efficient closed-form expressions of the mixed potential Green's functions in multilayered media are obtained for defining electromagnetic fields due to general electric and magnetic sources. Furthermore, the MPIE equations are derived for the arbitrarily shaped, conducting or penetrable objects embedded in a multilayered medium. Numerical results of the Green's functions and their practical...
In this paper a new effective optimization algorithm called genetical swarm optimization (GSO) will be presented. It has been developed in order to combine in the most effective way the properties of two of the most popular evolutionary optimization approaches now in use for the optimization of electromagnetic structures, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithms (GA). This algorithm...
The deployment of multimedia data transmission is increasing, digital subscriber line technology (xDSL) and other systems are widely used on the telecommunication access network. Conveying such services requires higher data rates, consequently higher bandwidths, and operating frequencies. So, the modelling of the cables is essential to study the disturbing electromagnetic phenomena. Analytical expressions...
This paper proposes a new design method for predicting the noise figure and gain performance of the whole RF receiver based upon computation of noise power spectral density. Detailed design procedure is presented to describe particular design of the noise figure and gain specifications of a RF receiver. This method is applied to design an ultrashort broadcasting station receiver and fair agreement...
This paper describes a new analog behavioral module (ABM) for two-port networks characterized by frequency domain S-parameters. The proposed module has been implemented in the PSPICE environment for transient circuit simulation. The accuracy of this model has been validated by comparing the simulation results obtained with the ABM model and with the original circuit. This approach can be used to build...
Nonlinear characteristics for the core of transformer is very important in computing exciting current or etc. a few of articles utilize the nonlinear characteristic unsuitably. For example, Phi ~ i curve is regarded to be conformable to B - H curve regardless whether magnetic coupling exists in the core. This paper discusses the relationship of the two kinds of curves for different structural transformer...
This paper investigates the correlation between signal integrity and radiation behaviour of a single trace on a dielectric substrate, and the influence of the accuracy of the source modeling on the results. It is found that the source model has only a marginal influence on some results, e.g. input impedance and total load current, but can have a significant impact on other important issues for EMC,...
A structured least square (LS) method for simultaneous estimation of the mutual coupling matrix (MCM) and directions of arrival (DOAs) of signal sources for uniform linear array (ULA) and uniform circular array (UCA) is presented. The DOAs and MCM can be simultaneously estimated by the proposed method when observations of at least two different DOAs are available. This method significantly simplifies...
A quasi-static solution, expressed as a series of Bessel functions, is obtained for the electric potential around an open-circuit via on a power-ground plane pair. Neglecting conduction currents electric and magnetic fields are then derived. The results are validated by comparison with numerical field simulations
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