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This paper deals with the shielding effects due to the presence of nearby parallel conductors when illuminated by EMP. An asymmetrical bounded-wave EMP simulator with distributed terminators was constructed which has a uniform and precisely controlled environment. The single-, double- and triple-conductor configurations with varying termination impedances on the two sides were investigated. The measured...
An analytical formulation has been developed for the shielding effectiveness of a rectangular enclosure with off-centered apertures. The present analytical formulation has been extended to include modes higher than TE10. The electric shielding may be calculated as a function of frequency, enclosure dimensions, aperture dimensions and position within the enclosure. Measurements conducted in a Gigahertz...
Simultaneous switching noise (SSN) and electromagnetic radiation were intensively examined experimentally by using different test LSIs and packages. Two types of test LSIs have been designed and fabricated in 0.25 um CMOS process. One was with on-chip decoupling capacitance (ODC), and the other was without ODC. Then, two types of packages; quad flat package (QFP) and chip scale package (CSP) were...
In this paper, a study on the electromagnetic susceptibility of a dual-plane compact electromagnetic band-gap (C-EBG) microstrip filter structure is presented. The electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of planar EBG structures is studied by subjecting the EBG filter to an interference source of varying frequency and power. Experimental results are presented and analyzed. The results and analysis from...
Microelectronics for environmental monitoring (microsensors, etc.) present a variety of power supply voltages and operative frequencies from one side and are subject to interference and noise from the external environment on the other. All these aspects lead accuracy and reliability of those circuits devoted to physical measurements a difficult compromise for the designer. Sensors implemented in the...
A novel EMC laboratory experiment to illustrate the effects of near field coupling is presented. Using two separate printed circuit boards (PCB), one being the emitter PCB with a digital oscillator circuit driving current in a loop, and the other being a receptor PCB having passive loop of identical size. An LED on board the receptor PCB gives visual feedback on the intensity of the coupling. The...
Low inductance and high capacitance density thin film capacitors using barium strontium titanate (BST) based thin films have been developed for use in decoupling applications for GHz LSI operations. Increasing clock frequency and integration density of high performance logic LSI such as CPU requires very low power line impedance over wide frequency ranges up to GHz order. Decoupling capacitors for...
Power/ground planes in electronic packaging can be a major factor for noise coupling. There can be noise coupling not only in the transversal direction between two planes, but also vertically from one plane pair to another through the apertures and via holes. Due to the large size of the power/ground planes, it is difficult to analyze them using full-wave simulators. It is known that the finite difference...
Most design engineers still believe that with a good shielded enclosure, well-shielded cables and high-performance ferrite sleeves, EMI compliance will be a straight forward task. This paper demonstrates experimentally that a poor PCB layout can cause electronic product to fail EMI specification badly even with all these fixes
In the paper, electrical analysis and design of the differential pairs used in high-speed flip-chip ball grid array (FC-BGA) packages are presented in the frequency range up to 10 GHz. The emphases are on the critical factors that determine the overall electrical performance of the differential pairs and the related packages including impedance control and the impact of discontinuities such as via...
Printed circuit boards (PCBs) are the primary source of EMI. The manner of propagation of an undesired RF field depends on the type of antenna configuration present within the structure. Unwanted EMI is also created within cable interconnects, lead-bond wires, poor power distribution networks, simultaneously switching noise, crosstalk, and from the physical edge of the PCB assembly between a power...
To improve the input current waveform and get high power factor, PWM rectifier is extensive used in power system. However, PWM rectifier is working in switch mode and generating great amounts of interference. Based on the switch function, the UM (differential mode) noise source of PWM VSR is obtained. In addition, a direct calculation in frequency domain is proposed for characterizing the interference...
The aim of this paper is to present an effective analytical approach in order to perform the analysis of the electromagnetic behavior of a thin finite slot aperture in a perfectly conducting screen. This problem is important both concerning EMC applications, i.e. the evaluation of the shielding effectiveness of a shield where such an aperture is introduced due to practical reasons, or concerning antenna...
For the improvement of the reproducibility of conducted EMI measurements, artificial mains network (AMN) specifications as well as the description of test methods are to be amended. For the AMN impedance, a tolerance of the phase is being specified in addition to the tolerance of the magnitude. Also a minimum isolation between power and EUT ports is proposed as well as a minimum attenuation of 10...
A new type of PCS antenna with optimal geometric size and shape for obtaining desirable electric and radiation characteristics presented together with a user-friendly program package for dielectric coatings antennas analysis. Investigated the user body interaction with the antenna radiation, also antenna with directed radiation and conducted necessary measurements for antenna properties. The method...
A novel method to characterize the RF common-mode (CM) and differential-mode (DM) noise source impedance of any switched mode power supply (SMPS) under loading condition has been developed using a two current probes approach. The proposed method allows measurement of noise source impedance of the SMPS without interrupting its normal operation. With proper setup calibration, it is capable of deriving...
IEC 61508 is the basic international standard for the functional safety of electrical, electronic and programmable electronic (E/E/PE) equipment. It requires electromagnetic interference (EMI) to be controlled for safety reasons, but does not say how. This paper describes shortcomings in the traditional approach to EMI, and introduces the good EMI practices required for controlling EMI for functional...
The ray-tracing method, in combination with analytical formulations, has been applied to predict the shielding effectiveness (SE) of electromagnetic shielded rooms with apertures. A user friendly simulation tool has been developed. This tool provides a flexible and efficient way to analyze shielded rooms, especially with electrical large sizes and arbitrary shapes. In this paper, the key factors that...
The latest status of alternative test sites for radiated emission is to be discussed, for emission measurements mainly the existing and well proven standards EN 50147-2, CISPR 16, ANSI C63.4 2001 and VCCI. Testing is performed at present mainly in the frequency range from 30...1000 MHz. The above mentioned standards describe the qualification of alternative test sites over a metallic surface called...
In the past and now measurements are carried out by EMI-receivers operating in frequency-domain. By a time-domain EMI (TDEMI) measurement system the measurement time can be reduced by several orders of magnitude. In this paper a novel real-time TDEMI measurement system that uses a direct hardware implementation of the short time fast Fourier transform (STFFT) and the detector modes is described. The...
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