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Restenosis is defined functionally as loss of luminal vessel patency following various methods of interventional cardiology, but ultrastructurally, it represents a wound healing response that involves smooth muscle migration, proliferation and matrix deposition at the site of injury. Currently, despite intensive experimental and clinical studies, there are no therapeutic agents that are able to suppress...
False-positive labeling was studied by immunogold-labeling methods. It was observed during an investigation of chitinase distribution in rust-infected bean leaves. Sixteen of the 23 antisera/immunoglobulins tested gave distinct and apparently specific labeling of the haustorial cell wall of the fungus, also with non-immune sera and non-related antisera: all of them were rabbit antisera or immunoglobulins...
Samples of unpurified and purified haemocyanin from the giant keyhole limpet Megathura crenulata have been studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) using mixtures of trehalose with the negative stains, uranyl acetate and ammonium molybdate. Trehalose is a known protein preservative during air and freeze drying, UV irradiation and high temperatures, and therefore offers the possibility of...
Using thin-film standards of Al, Ag, In, Sn, Sb, and Te whose mass-thickness was determined by weighing, we investigated the accuracy of two methods of thickness measurement, both of which employ electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) in a transmission electron microscope (TEM). A method based on the Kramers-Kronig sum rule was found to provide an accuracy of better than 15%, given suitable treatment...
Membranes are consistent components of spindles in plants and animals. Depending on the species, they either form layers at the periphery of the spindle, are scattered throughout the spindle area or can be observed in both locations. This review aims to provide a survey of the arrangements and functions of membranes associated with the spindle apparatus in diverse invertebrate groups. In order to...
Recent developments in biological atomic force microscopy are reviewed. In addition to the advances in methodology, new structural information of different biological systems revealed by the atomic force microscopy is also presented. A discussion regarding the contrast, resolution and specimen deformation is provided based on a theoretical model.
Although earlier studies have shown the sensory equipment of some species of Anoplura, the objective of the current study is to provide further information on the species already studied, Haematopinus suis, H. eurysternus, H. asini, to report findings regarding the sensory equipment of other species not studied until now, such as Linognathus setosus, L. stenopsis, L. vituli andSolenopotes sp . and...
During early pregnancy, the absence of fully developed internal organs means that the embryo is dependent on highly differentiated adnexal structures such as the secondary yolk sac and free-floating amniotic membrane as well as the placental trophoblast. In this review, we describe and illustrate the ultrastructural characteristics of these different cellular barriers which separate maternal and embryonic...
Two-dimensional (2-D) crystals of photosystem II (PSII) from spinach (Spinacia oleracea) have been subjected to Tris-washing in order to selectively remove the three oxygen-evolution enhancing (OEE) subunits. Electron microscopy of the 2-D crystals of Tris-treated PSII (tPSII) confirmed the previously reported unit cell parameters a = 17.7 nm, b = 20.1 and γ = 91° (cf. Holzenburg et al., 1994) and,...
Resin casts replicate the internal structure of organs and provide a three-dimensional representation of the arrangement of vessels and intercellular spaces. Casting media are insulators and must be coated with a conductor to prevent sample charging and to allow the adequate production of secondary electrons from the specimen to generate sufficient signal to form a clear image.Visualization of surface...
This paper describes an STM study of the immobilization of polyclonal goat anti-human immunoglobulin G (IgG) on gold surfaces via covalent bonding and cross-linking. The immobilization techniques used improve the stability of IgG molecules adsorbed on solid surfaces so as to resist forces exerted by the scanning tip and permit the preparation of biologically active antibody interfaces for immunosensors...
The structure of gas-filled poly-[n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate] (BCA) particles has been demonstrated by negative staining with uranyl acetate, platinum-carbon shadowing of air-dried material and thin sectioning of the aqueous suspension of BCA particles, embedded in water-soluble melamine resin. The polymer shell of the hollow particles possesses a globular outer surface and a smoother inner surface.
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